Difference between revisions of "Criticism of Mormonism/Books/One Nation Under Gods"

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From the author's cited source, it cannot be determined that Brigham ever actually said this.
 
From the author's cited source, it cannot be determined that Brigham ever actually said this.
 
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*E.A. Folk, "The Story of Mormonism," which in turn is cited in ''Proceedings Before The Committee On Privileges And Elections Of The United States Senate In The Matter Of The Protests Against The Right Of Hon. Reed Smoot, A Senator From Utah, To Hold His Seat'' (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), vol. 1, 15. E.A. Folk was the editor of the Baptist and Reflector, a Nashville, Tennessee paper published by the Tennessee Baptist association. His source for the alleged quote cannot be verified.  
+
*E.A. Folk, "The Story of Mormonism," which in turn is cited in ''Proceedings Before The Committee On Privileges And Elections Of The United States Senate In The Matter Of The Protests Against The Right Of Hon. Reed Smoot, A Senator From Utah, To Hold His Seat'' (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), vol. 1, 15. E.A. Folk was the editor of the ''Baptist and Reflector'', a Nashville, Tennessee paper published by the Tennessee Baptist association. His source for the alleged quote cannot be verified.  
 
*The commonly used source for this quote is "The Manifesto," ''Millennial Star'' 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744. There is no mention of this quotation anywhere in the cited article.  See [http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MStar,33220 scan of original] at: "The Manifesto," ''Millennial Star'' 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744.
 
*The commonly used source for this quote is "The Manifesto," ''Millennial Star'' 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744. There is no mention of this quotation anywhere in the cited article.  See [http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MStar,33220 scan of original] at: "The Manifesto," ''Millennial Star'' 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744.
 
{{EndQuoteMiningTable}}
 
{{EndQuoteMiningTable}}

Revision as of 15:30, 8 January 2009


A FAIR Analysis of:
'
One Nation Under Gods'
A work by author: Richard Abanes

About this work

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Notable and quotable

[T]o be honest, your FAIR analysis of the hardbound is actually hurting you in some very interesting ways -- and you don't even know it. Suffice it to say, I have been enjoying the many times I've had the pleasure of point out to lots of Mormons (many of them now former Mormons) where FAIR has not been completely honest, and where FAIR has shown itself to be terrifically nit-picky and petty. I thank you.
—The author, commenting on FAIR's analysis of this work. Post to MADB, Nov. 21, 2008

...what ONUG [One Nation Under Gods] did was to provide needed information to non-Mormons, evangelicals, secularists, and from what I hear, even many Mormons (many of whom, thanks to ONUG, are no longer Mormons).
—The author, commenting on the value of his book. Post to MADB, Dec. 7, 2008

Well, all I can say is, I combat the errors of the ages. I solve mathematical problems of universities, with truth—diamond truth; and God is my 'right hand man.' God made Aaron to be the mouth piece for the children of Israel, and He will make me be god to you in His stead...I have more to boast of than ever any man had....I boast that no man ever did such a work as I.
Oh, wait, all of that material has been already used. Sorry. Nevermind. Sorry, my bad.
—The author, using a compound quote that he created from multiple sources in One Nation Under Gods to ridicule Joseph Smith, Post to MADB, Dec. 4, 2008]

Unlike most men, however, Jesus did not need these wives, nor temple rituals to become a god. He became a god before coming to earth through perfect obedience to Elohim's commands. For others the road to godhood is far more difficult and takes considerably longer.
—The author, stating that Latter-day Saints believe that Jesus Christ took the easier road to godhood. One Nation Under Gods, p. 288

Overview

In early 2002 a new book entitled One Nation under Gods (ONUG) appeared on bookshelves, promising to tell the "real" history of the Mormon Church. In the words of its author,

It is beyond legitimate dispute that the Mormon church has for decades been painting for the general public a decidedly biased picture of the Latter-day Saint faith, especially with regard to the origins of the Book of Mormon. Fortunately, a more objective sketch of Mormonism's earliest years can be drawn using non-LDS witnesses, secular media articles, and private journals (Mormon and non-Mormon).

All of these sources will be used in this book to discover how Mormonism's founder—Joseph Smith—formed, controlled, and expanded his church, which today is one of the wealthiest and most influential religions in the world. [ONUG, xvi]

With his thesis stated and his purpose laid bare, the author attempts to pull disparate sources together to paint a picture that, when compared to objective reality, more closely resembles a Picasso than a Rembrandt—skewed and distorted—obscuring and maligning the actual doctrines and beliefs as understood and practiced by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for more than 150 years.

Claims made in this work

It should be noted that the author's response to the list of problems documented by FAIR is that the editing on the hardback edition of One Nation Under Gods was incomplete and that many of the problems were corrected in the paperback edition, published a year later. (This corrected paperback edition bears no markings indicating that it is a second edition or an updated edition; it simply appears as a paperback edition of the original.) Despite the author's statements, many of the problems noted exist in both the hardback and paperback versions. FAIR members are in the process of updating the problems so they address both editions of the book.

This is an index of claims made in this work with links to corresponding responses within the FAIRwiki. An effort has been made to provide the author's original sources where possible.

Source analysis

Quote mining, selective quotation and distortion

Non-existent quotes

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
281 The author quotes Brigham Young as saying "We shall pull the wool over the eyes of the American people and make them swallow Mormonism, polygamy and all."

From the author's cited source, it cannot be determined that Brigham ever actually said this.

  • E.A. Folk, "The Story of Mormonism," which in turn is cited in Proceedings Before The Committee On Privileges And Elections Of The United States Senate In The Matter Of The Protests Against The Right Of Hon. Reed Smoot, A Senator From Utah, To Hold His Seat (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), vol. 1, 15. E.A. Folk was the editor of the Baptist and Reflector, a Nashville, Tennessee paper published by the Tennessee Baptist association. His source for the alleged quote cannot be verified.
  • The commonly used source for this quote is "The Manifesto," Millennial Star 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744. There is no mention of this quotation anywhere in the cited article. See scan of original at: "The Manifesto," Millennial Star 52 (24 Nov. 1890): 744.

Commentary

  • The author seems to have relied on a secondary source without verifying its claim. There is no evidence in the secondary source provided that Brigham actually made the statement.
∗       ∗       ∗

Plural marriage difficulties?

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
582 The author writes:
  • "The fact that plural marriage brought great sorrow to many of the women involved can hardly be denied. Heber C. Kimball once stated: 'There is a great deal of quarelling in the houses, and contending for power and authority; and the second wife is against the first wife, perhaps, in some instances' (Heber C. Kimball, January 11, 1857, JOD, vol. 4,178)",
The Tanners write:
  • "The fact that plural marriage brought great sorrow to many of the women involved can hardly be denied. Heber C. Kimball once remarked: 'There is a great deal of quarrelling in the houses, and contending for power and authority; and the second wife is against the first wife, perhaps, in some instances' (Journal of Discourses, vol. 4, p.178)."

Commentary

∗       ∗       ∗

Other governments and religions to be destroyed from the earth?

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
xxi (HB); xiv (PB)
  • "As for other governments and religions, according to Joseph Smith, they 'must eventually be destroyed from the earth'" (HB)
  • "As for all non-Mormon (i.e. heathen) nations, according to Joseph Smith, they 'must eventually be destroyed from the earth.'" (PB)
  • The source statement in context: "Christ and the resurrected Saints will reign over the earth during the thousand years. They will not probably dwell upon the earth, but will visit it when they please or when it is necessary to govern it. There will be wicked men on the earth during the thousand years. The heathen nations who will not come up to worship will be visited with the judgments of God, and must eventually be destroyed from the earth." (emphasis added)
  • The modification to the paperback really didn't fix the problem—note how the author has to define "heathen" to mean "non-Mormon" in order to preserve his intended spin on the sentence.
  • History of the Church 5:212

Commentary

  • The quote has been removed from context. Notice that the author has left out the reference to Christ reigning over the earth and inserted instead a reference to "other governments and religions" or "non-Mormons" being destroyed. See Use of sources: Destroying Governments and Religions
∗       ∗       ∗

Joseph was a "natural speaker," yet "afraid of the people"

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
6-7
  • Nathaniel Lewis made the comment, "Joseph...is not a man of truth and veracity;...his general character in this part of the country, is that of an impostor, hypocrite and liar."
  • Orasmus Turner said that Joseph "was an excellent 'exhorter' at Methodist camp meetings." The author notes that the term "exhorter" refers to "a position created by preachers for youths with public speaking talent." (emphasis added)
Here is additional material from Lewis' statement in Mormonism Unvailed, p. 267:

"From my standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church, I suppose he was careful how he conducted or expressed himself before me. At one time, however, he came to my house, and asked my advice, whether he should proceed to translate the Book of Plates (referred to by Mr. Hale) or not. He said that God had commanded him to translate it, but he was afraid of the people. (emphasis added)

  • Nathaniel Lewis statement cited in Eber D. Howe, Mormonism Unvailed, p. 267.
  • Orasmus Turner, History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase.

Commentary

  • So, was Joseph "afraid of the people," or did he have "public speaking talent?" Lewis' testimony is suspect on a number of issues, and the author excluded the portion of the testimony that conflicted with Turner's statement.
  • Lewis is the only person that ever claimed that Joseph asked his advice regarding whether he should translate the Book of Mormon—a ridiculous assertion that is contrary to numerous other published testimonies of the event.
  • See The Hurlbut affidavits—Nathaniel Lewis
∗       ∗       ∗

Celestial sex?

The author uses the offensive term "celestial sex" to characterize LDS beliefs related to the pre-existence. The author makes similar claims in his later book Becoming Gods (a.k.a. Inside Today's Mormonism)

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
285, 573n21 ""Coexisting with these two deities was a limitless amount of cosmic spirit matter known as "intelligence," out of which Elohim and Heavenly Mother made countless spirit babies via celestial sex." (emphasis added)
  • The sources quoted, Bruce R. McConkie, Brigham Young, and Orson Pratt never use the term "celestial sex."
  • No LDS leader has ever used the term "celestial sex."
  • The term "celestial sex" was popularized in Ed Decker's 1982 anti-Mormon film The God Makers. This source is not credited as a source by the author, but its influence is obvious.
  • The author defends his use of the offensive term in his later book Becoming Gods
  • McConkie, Mormon Doctrine, 387
  • Brigham Young, June 18, 1865, Journal of Discourses, vol. 11, 122.
  • Orson Pratt, "The Pre-Existence of Man," The Seer, March 1853, vol. 1, no. 3, 38
∗       ∗       ∗

Conception of Jesus Christ

The author makes similar claims in his later book Becoming Gods (a.k.a. Inside Today's Mormonism).

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
287 575n38(PB) "This is not to say that Christ was conceived in any way that might be considered supernatural. He was not miraculously begotten, for instance, by the Holy Ghost, as Christianity teaches." In endnote 38, the author includes the following quote from Brigham Young: "Now, remember from this time forth, and for ever, that Jesus Christ was not begotten by the Holy Ghost."
  • From the Book of Mormon:
    • Alma 7꞉10:And behold, he shall be born of Mary, at Jerusalem which is the land of our forefathers, she being a virgin, a precious and chosen vessel, who shall be overshadowed and conceive by the power of the Holy Ghost, and bring forth a son, yea, even the Son of God.
    • 1 Nephi 11꞉18-20:And he said unto me: Behold, the virgin whom thou seest is the mother of the Son of God, after the manner of the flesh. And it came to pass that I beheld that she was carried away in the Spirit; and after she had been carried away in the Spirit for the space of a time the angel spake unto me, saying: Look! And I looked and beheld the virgin again, bearing a child in her arms.
  • Modern references:
    • "The manner of his conception had been miraculous, and she must have trembled to realize that the responsibility of nurturing this divine child was hers." (Barbara B. Smith, "No Ordinary Child", Liahona, Dec. 1989)
    • "...she knew her cousin Elisabeth would lend a sympathetic ear, for had she not also experienced a miraculous conception?" (Mary Pratt Parrish, "Mary", Ensign, Dec. 1971)
  • Brigham Young, April 9, 1852, Journal of Discourses, vol. 1, 51.
  • Here is more of Brigham's statement: "Now, remember from this time forth, and for ever, that Jesus Christ was not begotten by the Holy Ghost. I will repeat a little anecdote. I was in conversation with a certain learned professor upon this subject, when I replied, to this idea—"if the Son was begotten by the Holy Ghost, it would be very dangerous to baptize and confirm females, and give the Holy Ghost to them, lest he should beget children, to be palmed upon the Elders by the people, bringing the Elders into great difficulties." (emphasis added)

Comments

∗       ∗       ∗

"Mormon Beliefs About Jesus" versus "Christian Beliefs About Jesus"

It would be enlightening for any Latter-day Saint to read the book's description of the "Mormon Jesus" in the left column and see just how much of this is recognizable as church doctrine. The list is taken from page 378 (PB). This claim is repeated in the author's later work Becoming Gods—The "Mormon Jesus" versus the "Traditional Jesus".

The author's presentation of "Mormon Beliefs About Jesus" Jesus Christ, as viewed by Latter-day Saints For more information...
A literal son (spirit-child) of a god (Elohim) and his wife.
  • Latter-day Saints believe that everyone is a spirit child of Heavenly Father, including Jesus. What is a spirit child? We don't have the details.
  • Our eternal nature was organized into a spirit person, whatever that is. We don't know the details. We don't know the process in which we became a spirit person.
  • The difference between us is that Jesus is divine, while the rest of us are not.
  • Why the emphasis on the word "literal"? Apparently, to once again call attention to the subject of "Celestial Sex."
The elder brother of all spirits born in the pre-existence to Heavenly Father.
  • Latter-day Saints do not claim to know by what method a spirit is "born."
  • Christ is the "eldest," but what this means is not also not clear. Is it a question of temporality? (i.e., He came first in time) Is it a rank? Does it describe His relationship to us? We simply don't claim to know, since time is only measured unto man.
  • Latter-day Saints do believe that Christ was not created ex nihilo at some moment; He is eternally self-existent.
A polygamous Jewish male.
  • This is not a belief among Latter-day Saints, and is based entirely upon non-doctrinal statements made by Orson Hyde and Orson Pratt.
  • It is surprising that this claim is still in the paperback edition. It was, however, removed from Becoming Gods.
One of three gods overseeing this planet.
  • There is only one God. Christ is one of three divine beings in the Godhead. They are one in purpose, not one in person. John 17꞉3, John 17꞉20-22
  • Regardless of this, a creedal Christian ought not to have a problem with one God consisting of more than one Person.
Atoned only for Adam's transgression by sweating blood in Gethsemene.
  • This statement is completely false.
  • The Book of Mormon teaches that Christ's sacrifice was "infinite and eternal." (2 Nephi) It could not be exceeded in any sense. Christ suffered for the sins, griefs, and pains of all humanity (Alma 7), whether or not they repent.
  • The benefits of that atonement are restricted if we refuse to do that which He asks of us to accept it (i.e. have faith, repent, be baptized, receive the Holy Ghost, and endure to the end.)
  • Note that this statement was changed in [Becoming Gods#The "Mormon Jesus" versus the "Traditional Jesus"|Becoming Gods—The "Mormon Jesus" versus the "Traditional Jesus"]] to "Atoned only for Adam's transgression, thereby providing the opportunity for us to obtain "eternal life" by our own efforts. The change, however, didn't really do anything to correct this falsehood.
The literal spirit brother of Lucifer.
  • Again, note the emphasis on the word "literal." Latter-day Saints do not consider Jesus in any way to be Satan's "peer."
Jesus' sacrificial death is not able to cleanse some people of all their sins.
  • Latter-day Saints believe that only those who reject the atonement cannot be cleansed from all their sins. If one doesn't accept the atonement, then the atonement can't save him or her. But, that is a reflection on the sinner, and does not imply that Christ's atonement was "not able" to cleanse our sins.
  • This is probably alluding to blood atonement.
  • Jesus Christ Himself taught that blasphemy against the Holy Ghost was an "unforgivable sin." Matthew 12꞉31-32
There is no salvation without accepting Joseph Smith as a prophet of God.
  • Latter-day Saints believe that there is no salvation without accepting Jesus Christ as our Saviour and Redeemer. Salvation is obtained by receiving Jesus and his atoning sacrifice. The statement presented in the book is nonsense. All save the sons of perdition are saved. All will be resurrected.
  • A fullness of salvation requires accepting the words of ALL the prophets--including those who wrote the Bible, and including Joseph Smith.
  • If one believes that you have to accept the Bible witness to be saved, then how can one fault Latter-day Saints for believing that another prophet's witness must also be accepted? LDS doctrine saves infidels and non-Christians in a resurrection of glory, and provides for their evangelization after death.
∗       ∗       ∗

Sarcasm

The author uses sarcasm to belittle what he claims to be LDS beliefs and doctrine.

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
23 (HB) "This messenger from the great beyond declared himself to be Moroni, a resurrected and glorified servant of the Lord (i.e. an angel)." (emphasis added)
  • How about Luke 1:30, which says, "And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God." Would the author refer to this angel as coming from the "great beyond?" Not likely.
  • None
109 (PB) "Smith came up with a novel idea that would literally make them Israelites: a heavenly blood transfusion."
  • History of the Church, vol. 3, 380.
132 (PB) "Although Smith never took any Lamanites as wives, he did begin establishing what would gradually become a fairly large harem of young girls and women taken from his flock of 'white and delightsome' disciples."
  • Author's opinion.
285, 573n25 (PB) "Earth, by the way, in this Mormon scenario, was fashioned as part of a joint creative project supervised by the most faithful of Heavenly Father's spiritual progeny (e.g., Jesus, Joseph Smith, Noah, Adam, John the Baptist, etc.). Elohim's other spirit children included: Lucifer, who would become the Devil (a.k.a. Satan); Napoleon; George Washington; Joseph Smith; Louis Armstrong, Donny and Marie Osmond, Senator Orrin Hatch, U.S. President George W. Bush, and everyone else who has ever lived on this planet.
  • Is this laundry list of names really helpful? This is a way to take LDS beliefs about the pre-existence and portray them in a sarcastic, demeaning way.
  • McConkie, 169.
∗       ∗       ∗

Lack of research

The following claims show a lack of research of the subject being discussed.

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
25 "But Moroni's most urgent message, which he repeated during each visit, involved the golden plates buried in the hill called Cumorah, just outside the village of Manchester. (emphasis added) The hill near Joseph's home was not called Cumorah by the angel Moroni, nor was it named Cumorah at the time that Joseph received the plates. The name Cumorah was applied later, as a result of Joseph finding the plates there. None
25 "Obviously, if the angel in Smith's room spoke about Moroni, then he certainly could not have been Moroni. The author is referring to Joseph's 1832 account, in which he states: "an angel of the Lord came and stood before me and it was by night and he called me by name and he said the Lord had forgiven me my sins and he revealed unto me that in the Town of Manchester Ontario County N.Y. there was plates of gold upon which there was engravings which was engraven by Maroni & his fathers the servants of the living God in ancient days and deposited by the commandments of God and kept by the power thereof and that I should go and get them." Note that Joseph is not citing Moroni's words—he is describing a summary of the event that happened. In other words, this passage does not indicate that Moroni referred to himself in the third person.
∗       ∗       ∗

Reversing the meaning of sources

The following claims show how the author took a source quote and completely reversed its meaning.

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
86-87 (HB); 377 (PB)
  • "In 1984, Brigham Young University professor Kent Jackson went even further, stating in the LDS church's official magazine, Ensign, that "Satan sits in the place of God in Christianity." (emphasis added)
  • "As late as 1984, Mormonism's official Ensign magazine painted Christianity as satanic..."
  • "To say that Satan sits in the place of God in Christianity after the time of the Apostles is not to say that all that is in it is satanic. Indeed, Latter-day Saints should rejoice—as the heavens undoubtedly do—at the great works of righteousness and faith, and the leavening influence on the world, of those whose lives are touched in any degree by Him whose gospel the Saints enjoy in its fulness." (emphasis added)
289 (HB)
  • The author said, "According to the late BYU scholar Eugene England, Mormon women literally are to become "birth machines" so Mormon males can continue creating and populating various worlds without end." (HB) (emphasis added)
  • In 1987, BYU scholar Eugene England noted how many "influential" Mormons and LDS religion teachers still saw women as mere "birth machines"—a view he called "one of the more popular rationales for eternal polygyny." Just recently "an increasing number of faithful Mormons" have started rejecting such a notion. (PB) (emphasis added)
  • Eugene England said, "If humans can already produce test-tube babies and clones, God has certainly found more efficient ways to produce spirit children than by turning celestial partners into mere birth machines. To anticipate such a limited, unequal role for women in eternity insults and devalues them. (emphasis added)
  • And where does the author come up with "just recently???" Where have Latter-day Saints ever been "taught such a notion?"
  • Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought (Winter 1987), vol. 20, no. 4, 148.

Comments

  • The author has completely reversed the meaning of these quotes to make it appear as if the speakers said that opposite of what they meant.
  • See Use of sources: LDS "Birth Machines".
∗       ∗       ∗

Saying things that the source never said

Reference The claim... The rest of the story... Use of sources
514n73 "Mormon apologist John Sorenson has suggested that Smith mistranslated numerous words from the Book of Mormon golden plates. For example, cattle and oxen should have been rendered deer and bison. Moreover, horses should also have been translated deer, while swine more accurately refers to the wild pig." (emphasis added)
  • "One thing is clear. The terminology the Nephite volume uses to discuss animals follows a different logic than the scheme familiar to most of us whose ancestors came out of western Europe." (John Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, 288. (emphasis added)
  • "In one column are listed Book of Mormon terms for various animals. In the other are names in modern and scientific nomenclature that could reasonably correspond. Several beasts are possible for each Book of Mormon name. Usually there is no basis for preferring one candidate above another. Take your choice. But the purpose is not to finalize identifications. Instead it is to show that there are plausible creatures to match each scriptural term." (John Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, 299. (emphasis added)
  • John Sorensen, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, 191-276, 299.

Comments

  • Dr. Sorenson never suggested that Joseph "mistranslated" anything from the Book of Mormon. The word "mistranslated" or "mistranslation" doesn't even appear in Sorenson's book: He is instead describing the concept of "loan-shifting." Sorenson's suggestion was that the writers of the Book of Mormon may have applied these terms to the animals, not Joseph Smith.

Further reading

FAIR wiki articles

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{{To learn more box:responses to: 8: The Mormon Proposition}} To learn more box:responses to: 8: The Mormon Proposition edit
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{{To learn more box:responses to: Luke WIlson}} To learn more about responses to: Luke WIlson edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Marquardt and Walters}} To learn more about responses to: Marquardt and Walters edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Martha Beck}} To learn more about responses to: Martha Beck edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Mcgregor Ministries}} To learn more about responses to: Mcgregor Ministries edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: McKeever and Johnson}} To learn more about responses to: McKeever and Johnson edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: New Approaches}} To learn more about responses to: New Approaches to the Book of Mormon edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Richard Abanes}} To learn more about responses to: Richard Abanes edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Richard Van Wagoner}} To learn more about responses to: Richard Van Wagoner edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Richard and Joan Ostling}} To learn more about responses to: Richard and Joan Ostling edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Rick Grunger}} To learn more about responses to: Rick Grunger edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Robert Ritner}} To learn more about responses to: Robert Ritner edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Rod Meldrum}} To learn more about responses to: Rod Meldrum edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Roger I Anderson}} To learn more about responses to: Roger I Anderson edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Ronald V. Huggins}} To learn more about responses to: Ronald V. Huggins edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Sally Denton}} To learn more about responses to: Sally Denton edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Simon Southerton}} To learn more about responses to: Simon Southerton edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Thomas Murphy}} To learn more about responses to: Thomas Murphy edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Todd Compton}} To learn more about responses to: Todd Compton edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Vernal Holley}} To learn more about responses to: Vernal Holley edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Walter Martin}} To learn more about responses to: Walter Martin edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Wesley Walters}} To learn more about responses to: Wesley Walters edit
{{To learn more box:responses to: Will Bagley}} To learn more about responses to: Will Bagley edit