Diferencia entre revisiones de «Pregunta: ¿Es la mención del "cemento" en el Libro de Mormón un anacronismo?»

 
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==Criticism==
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Este ariculo esta siendo traducido por: '''Alberto Barrios'''
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Critics claim that the Nephites in the land northward building out of cement in [http://scriptures.lds.org/hel/3/7#11 Helaman 3:7-11] (circa 47 B.C.) is not valid.  As John L. Smith put the claim, "There is zero archaeological evidence that any kind of cement existed in the Americas prior to modern times" (Smith, 8).
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==Critica==
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Los criticos afirman que los Nefitas en las tierras del Norte edificaban con cemento en  [http://scriptures.lds.org/hel/3/7#11 Helaman 3:7-11] (circa 47 A.C.) no es valida.  Como John L. Smith afirma, "Hay zero evidencias arqueologicas de que cualquier clase de cemento existieran en la Americas previo a los tiempos modernos" (Smith, 8).
  
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===Source(s) of the Criticism===
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===Fuente(s) de la critica===
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*John L. Smith, "What about those Gold Plates?" ''The Utah Evangel'' 33:6 (September 1986): 8.
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*John L. Smith, "WQue hay de esas planchas de oro?" ''The Utah Evangel'' 33:6 (September 1986): 8.
  
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==Response==  
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==Respuesta==  
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Unfortunately for the critics, hanging their attacks on an 'absence of evidence' backfires.  In fact, there is excellent evidence for the use of cement in Mesoamerica:
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Desafortunadammente los criticos, basan sus ataques sobre una explocion de 'evidencia obsena'.  De hecho, Hay excelentes evidencias para el uso de cemento en Mesoamerica:
  
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:Once thought to be anachronistic, references to "cement" in the Book of Mormon (Helaman 3:7,9,11) can be seen today as further evidence of the authenticity of the text. This is because today the presence of expert cement technology in pre-Hispanic America is a well-established archaeological fact. "American technology in the manufacture of cement, its mixing and placement two thousand years ago, paralleled that of the Greeks and the Romans during the same period" notes structural engineer, David Hyman, in a recent study devoted to the use of cement in Pre-Columbian Mexico. The earliest known sample of such cement dates to the first century A.D. and is a "fully developed product." Known samples of Mesoamerican cement work show signs of remarkable skill and sophistication. "Technology in the manufacturing of calcareous cements in Middle America [were] equal to any in the world at the advent of the Christian Era." For example, concrete floor slabs at Teotihuacan that date to about this time exceed many present-day building requirements. While the earliest known samples are from the first century A.D., scholars believe that "their degree of perfection could not have been instantaneously created, but rather would have required a considerable period of development" before then. Hyman asks, "Were these materials invented by indigenous unnamed people far preceding the occupation of Teotihuacan, or were they introduced by an exotic culture." In its references to "cement," the Book of Mormon anticipates what has now been well established.{{ref|roper1}}
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:Una vez pense en ser anacronico,con referencia al  "cemento" en el Libro de Mormon (Helaman 3:7,9,11) can be seen today as further evidence of the authenticity of the text. This is because today the presence of expert cement technology in pre-Hispanic America is a well-established archaeological fact. "American technology in the manufacture of cement, its mixing and placement two thousand years ago, paralleled that of the Greeks and the Romans during the same period" notes structural engineer, David Hyman, in a recent study devoted to the use of cement in Pre-Columbian Mexico. The earliest known sample of such cement dates to the first century A.D. and is a "fully developed product." Known samples of Mesoamerican cement work show signs of remarkable skill and sophistication. "Technology in the manufacturing of calcareous cements in Middle America [were] equal to any in the world at the advent of the Christian Era." For example, concrete floor slabs at Teotihuacan that date to about this time exceed many present-day building requirements. While the earliest known samples are from the first century A.D., scholars believe that "their degree of perfection could not have been instantaneously created, but rather would have required a considerable period of development" before then. Hyman asks, "Were these materials invented by indigenous unnamed people far preceding the occupation of Teotihuacan, or were they introduced by an exotic culture." In its references to "cement," the Book of Mormon anticipates what has now been well established.{{ref|roper1}}
  
  

Revisión del 20:14 18 ene 2008

FAIR Wiki Deutsch

Este ariculo esta siendo traducido por: Alberto Barrios

Critica

Los criticos afirman que los Nefitas en las tierras del Norte edificaban con cemento en Helaman 3:7-11 (circa 47 A.C.) no es valida. Como John L. Smith afirma, "Hay zero evidencias arqueologicas de que cualquier clase de cemento existieran en la Americas previo a los tiempos modernos" (Smith, 8).

Fuente(s) de la critica

  • John L. Smith, "WQue hay de esas planchas de oro?" The Utah Evangel 33:6 (September 1986): 8.

Respuesta

Desafortunadammente los criticos, basan sus ataques sobre una explocion de 'evidencia obsena'. De hecho, Hay excelentes evidencias para el uso de cemento en Mesoamerica:

Una vez pense en ser anacronico,con referencia al "cemento" en el Libro de Mormon (Helaman 3:7,9,11) can be seen today as further evidence of the authenticity of the text. This is because today the presence of expert cement technology in pre-Hispanic America is a well-established archaeological fact. "American technology in the manufacture of cement, its mixing and placement two thousand years ago, paralleled that of the Greeks and the Romans during the same period" notes structural engineer, David Hyman, in a recent study devoted to the use of cement in Pre-Columbian Mexico. The earliest known sample of such cement dates to the first century A.D. and is a "fully developed product." Known samples of Mesoamerican cement work show signs of remarkable skill and sophistication. "Technology in the manufacturing of calcareous cements in Middle America [were] equal to any in the world at the advent of the Christian Era." For example, concrete floor slabs at Teotihuacan that date to about this time exceed many present-day building requirements. While the earliest known samples are from the first century A.D., scholars believe that "their degree of perfection could not have been instantaneously created, but rather would have required a considerable period of development" before then. Hyman asks, "Were these materials invented by indigenous unnamed people far preceding the occupation of Teotihuacan, or were they introduced by an exotic culture." In its references to "cement," the Book of Mormon anticipates what has now been well established.[1]


Conclusion

Cement is not anachronistic. The Book of Mormon places it in exactly the right spot and time period for Mesoamerican use of this building material.

Endnotes

  1. [back]  Matthew Roper, "Right on Target: Boomerang Hits and the Book of Mormon" FAIR link

Further reading

FAIR wiki articles

Libro de Mormón "Anacronismos"

FAIR web site

  • Matthew Roper, "Right on Target: Boomerang Hits and the Book of Mormon" FAIR link

External links

  • "Cement in the Book of Mormon," (Provo, Utah: FARMS). off-site (Inglés)
  • Matthew G. Wells and John W. Welch, "Concrete Evidence for the Book of Mormon," Insights (May 1991), 2.
  • Matthew G. Wells and John W. Welch, "Concrete Evidence for the Book of Mormon," in Reexploring the Book of Mormon, edited by John W. Welch, (Provo, Utah: FARMS, 1992), 212–214. ISBN 0875796001 off-site (Inglés) FAIR link GL direct link

Printed material

  • David S. Hyman, A Study of the Calcareous Cements in Prehispanic Mesoamerican Building Construction (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, 1970).
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