FAIR is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing well-documented answers to criticisms of the doctrine, practice, and history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Diferencia entre revisiones de «El Libro de Mormón/Traducción/Método/1829-1835»
< El Libro de Mormón | Traducción | Método
(m) |
|||
| (No se muestran 11 ediciones intermedias de 3 usuarios) | |||
| Línea 1: | Línea 1: | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{FairMormon}} |
| − | {{ | + | <onlyinclude> |
| − | + | {{H2 | |
| + | |L=El Libro de Mormón/Traducción/Método/1829-1835 | ||
| + | |H=Declaraciones sobre el método de traducción del Libro de Mormón | ||
| + | |S= | ||
| + | |L1=Pregunta: ¿Qué hicieron los testigos contemporáneos tienen que decir sobre el proceso de traducción del Libro de Mormón? | ||
| + | }} | ||
{{declaraciones}} | {{declaraciones}} | ||
{{Translation method statements menu}} | {{Translation method statements menu}} | ||
| − | = | + | |
| + | ==Cronología de las declaraciones sobre los métodos de traducción utilizados para el Libro de Mormón== | ||
{{SeeAlso|Book of Mormon/Translation/Chronology|l1=Chronology of events related to the translation}} | {{SeeAlso|Book of Mormon/Translation/Chronology|l1=Chronology of events related to the translation}} | ||
| Línea 118: | Línea 124: | ||
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 December 1830=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 December 1830=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
| − | + | En el otoño de 1827, un hombre llamado Joseph Smith, de Manchester, Condado de Ontario, Nueva York informó que se le había visitado tres veces en un sueño, por el espíritu de Dios, y con conocimiento de que en una determinada colina en esa ciudad, fue un Biblia de oro, que contiene un registro antiguo de naturaleza y origen divino. Al ir al lugar que encontró enterrado la Biblia con un enorme par de gafas: Las hojas (dijo, aunque 'no se le permitió a mostrar a ellos) eran planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y 1 al 8 de pulgada caracteres o hieroglyphicks, que con los espectáculos que podía interpretar de espesor, en la que se grabó. Martin Harris un agricultor laborioso, captó el contagio, se llevó algunos de los personajes de diferentes sabios para traducir, pero sin éxito. Regresó, establezca Smith a trabajar en su traducción, y ha tenido que imprimir.<ref> {{NC}} 4 diciembre 1830</ref> | |
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | *Método: No se ha especificado |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 8 December 1830=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 8 December 1830=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
| − | + | Algunos o dos años desde que el incrédulo se divirtió con el cuento de que, guiados por la inspiración, alguien había encontrado muchas planchas de oro enterradas en la tierra cerca de Palmyra, condado de Wayne, en este estado, en la que se dieron a conocer, en una lengua desconocida, (una extraña revelación se podría pensar) el todo del hombre. Este el buscador y camarada fueron habilitadas, por la agencia sobrenatural, para traducir, ya que el libro ha sido impreso y predicadores ambulantes han salido con él, para iluminar al mundo.<ref> 8 diciembre 1830 {{NC}} </ref> | |
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: Agente sobrenatural |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 14 December 1830=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 14 December 1830=== | ||
| Línea 138: | Línea 144: | ||
This new Gospel they say was found in Ontario co. N.Y. and was discovered by an Angel of light, appearing in a dream to a man by the name of Smith, who, as directed, went to a certain place and dug from the earth a stone box, containing plates of gold, on which this gospel was engraved in characters unknown. The said Smith though a man so illiterate that he cannot write, was, by divine inspiration, enabled to give the true interpretation, and the man who wrote from the mouth of Smith, is one of the four mentioned above.<ref> {{NC}} 14.dec.1830 </ref> | This new Gospel they say was found in Ontario co. N.Y. and was discovered by an Angel of light, appearing in a dream to a man by the name of Smith, who, as directed, went to a certain place and dug from the earth a stone box, containing plates of gold, on which this gospel was engraved in characters unknown. The said Smith though a man so illiterate that he cannot write, was, by divine inspiration, enabled to give the true interpretation, and the man who wrote from the mouth of Smith, is one of the four mentioned above.<ref> {{NC}} 14.dec.1830 </ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: By divine inspiration |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 December 1830=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 December 1830=== | ||
| Línea 147: | Línea 153: | ||
At a recent period, an angel appeared to a poor ignorant man residing in, or near Palmyra, in Ontario county, in the State of New-York, and directed him to open the earth at a place designated, where he would find the new revelation engraved on plates of metal. In obedience to the celestial messenger, Smith repaired to the spot, and on opening the ground, discovered an oblong stone box, tightly closed with cement. He opened the sacred depository, and found enclosed a bundle of plates resembling gold, carefully united at one edge with three silver wires, so that they opened like a book. The plates were about seven inches long and six broad, and the whole pile was about seven inches long and six broad, and was about six inches deep; each plate about the thickness of tin. They were engraved in a character unintelligible to the learned men of the United States, to many of whom it is said they have been presented. The angel afterwards appeared to the three individuals, and showed them the plates. To Smith was given to transcribe the character which he was enabled to do by looking through two semitransparent stones, but as he was ignorant of the writing, Cowdry and others wrote as Smith interpreted. They say, that part of the plates escaped from them in a supernatural manner, and are again to be revealed when the events of time shall require them.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Jesuit or Catholic Sentinel:18 December 1830|pages=xxx}} </ref> | At a recent period, an angel appeared to a poor ignorant man residing in, or near Palmyra, in Ontario county, in the State of New-York, and directed him to open the earth at a place designated, where he would find the new revelation engraved on plates of metal. In obedience to the celestial messenger, Smith repaired to the spot, and on opening the ground, discovered an oblong stone box, tightly closed with cement. He opened the sacred depository, and found enclosed a bundle of plates resembling gold, carefully united at one edge with three silver wires, so that they opened like a book. The plates were about seven inches long and six broad, and the whole pile was about seven inches long and six broad, and was about six inches deep; each plate about the thickness of tin. They were engraved in a character unintelligible to the learned men of the United States, to many of whom it is said they have been presented. The angel afterwards appeared to the three individuals, and showed them the plates. To Smith was given to transcribe the character which he was enabled to do by looking through two semitransparent stones, but as he was ignorant of the writing, Cowdry and others wrote as Smith interpreted. They say, that part of the plates escaped from them in a supernatural manner, and are again to be revealed when the events of time shall require them.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Jesuit or Catholic Sentinel:18 December 1830|pages=xxx}} </ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery and others |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Two semitransparent stones [the Nephite interpreters?] |
| − | * | + | *Método: "by looking through two semitransparent stones"; not otherwise characterized |
==1831== | ==1831== | ||
| Línea 158: | Línea 164: | ||
He that touched these stones appeared unto the brother of Jared, and said: “Behold I am Jesus Christ. ''I am the Father and the Son''.” Two of these stones were sealed up with the plates, and became the spectacles of Joseph Smith, according to a prediction uttered before Abraham was born....This prophet Smith, through his stone spectacles, wrote on the plates of Nephi, in his book of Mormon, every error and almost every truth discussed in New York for the last ten years....[it] is, without exaggeration, the meanest book in the English language: but it is a translation made through stone spectacles, in a dark room, and in the hat of the prophet Smith, from the ''reformed Egyptian''!!!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Campbell:Delusions|pages=p. 89, 92, 94 of original}}</ref> | He that touched these stones appeared unto the brother of Jared, and said: “Behold I am Jesus Christ. ''I am the Father and the Son''.” Two of these stones were sealed up with the plates, and became the spectacles of Joseph Smith, according to a prediction uttered before Abraham was born....This prophet Smith, through his stone spectacles, wrote on the plates of Nephi, in his book of Mormon, every error and almost every truth discussed in New York for the last ten years....[it] is, without exaggeration, the meanest book in the English language: but it is a translation made through stone spectacles, in a dark room, and in the hat of the prophet Smith, from the ''reformed Egyptian''!!!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Campbell:Delusions|pages=p. 89, 92, 94 of original}}</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles (two stones); "stone spectacles." |
| − | * | + | *Método: In a dark room, in the hat |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March1831=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March1831=== | ||
| Línea 167: | Línea 173: | ||
the surface of which was covered with hieroglyphic characters, unintelligible to Smith, the finder, who could [218] not read English. However the angel (ghost!) that discovered the plates to him, likewise informed him that he would be inspired to translate the inscriptions without looking at the plates, while an amanuensis would record his infallible reading....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Evangelical Inquirer:7 March 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref> | the surface of which was covered with hieroglyphic characters, unintelligible to Smith, the finder, who could [218] not read English. However the angel (ghost!) that discovered the plates to him, likewise informed him that he would be inspired to translate the inscriptions without looking at the plates, while an amanuensis would record his infallible reading....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Evangelical Inquirer:7 March 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: Inspired; results would be "infallible" |
* Plates: not necessary to look at while translating | * Plates: not necessary to look at while translating | ||
| Línea 177: | Línea 183: | ||
Harris declares, that when he acted as amanuenses, and wrote the translation, as Smith dictated, such was his fear of the Divine displeasure, that a screen (sheet) was suspended between the prophet and himself.... <ref>{{CriticalWork:Reflector:19 March 1831:Gold Bible 6|pages=xxx}} </ref> | Harris declares, that when he acted as amanuenses, and wrote the translation, as Smith dictated, such was his fear of the Divine displeasure, that a screen (sheet) was suspended between the prophet and himself.... <ref>{{CriticalWork:Reflector:19 March 1831:Gold Bible 6|pages=xxx}} </ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Martin Harris |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: Present |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: No se ha especificado |
===Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness), paraphrased in hostile press 9 April 1831=== | ===Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness), paraphrased in hostile press 9 April 1831=== | ||
| Línea 187: | Línea 193: | ||
So much for the gift and power of God. by which Smith says he translate his book. Two transparent stones, undoubtedly of the same properties, and the gift of the same spirit as the one in which he looked to find his neighbor’s goods.<ref>{{CriticalWork:S. Evangelical Magazine:9 April 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | So much for the gift and power of God. by which Smith says he translate his book. Two transparent stones, undoubtedly of the same properties, and the gift of the same spirit as the one in which he looked to find his neighbor’s goods.<ref>{{CriticalWork:S. Evangelical Magazine:9 April 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Two transparent stones with plates; distinguished from the seer stone or "peep" stone. |
| − | * | + | *Método: Looking through the stones |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias circa May 1831=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias circa May 1831=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
He [Joseph] has 10 year’s translating to do; he looks in a small stone he has, and there reads the will of the Lord and writes it for the good of his fellow men.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Baptist Chronicle and Literary Register:September 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | He [Joseph] has 10 year’s translating to do; he looks in a small stone he has, and there reads the will of the Lord and writes it for the good of his fellow men.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Baptist Chronicle and Literary Register:September 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: A stone; not clear if this is translation of Book of Mormon or other revelation |
| − | * | + | *Método: No se ha especificado |
===Ezra Booth (non-eyewitness) 27 Oct 1831=== | ===Ezra Booth (non-eyewitness) 27 Oct 1831=== | ||
| Línea 204: | Línea 210: | ||
:So also in translating.—The subject stands before his eyes in print, but it matters not whether his eyes are open or shut; he can see as well one way as the other.... | :So also in translating.—The subject stands before his eyes in print, but it matters not whether his eyes are open or shut; he can see as well one way as the other.... | ||
:These treasures were discovered several years since, by means of the dark glass, the same with which Smith says he translated most of the Book of Mormon.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Booth:Mormonism III|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | :These treasures were discovered several years since, by means of the dark glass, the same with which Smith says he translated most of the Book of Mormon.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Booth:Mormonism III|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: "dark glass" (? "peep stone" variant) |
| − | * | + | *Método: Eyes open or closed |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 November 1831=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 November 1831=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
:The preacher said he [Joseph] found in the same place two stones, with which he was enabled by placing them over his eyes and putting his head in a dark corner, to decypher the hieroglyphics on the plates!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Christian Intelligencer and Eastern Chronicle:18 November 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | :The preacher said he [Joseph] found in the same place two stones, with which he was enabled by placing them over his eyes and putting his head in a dark corner, to decypher the hieroglyphics on the plates!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Christian Intelligencer and Eastern Chronicle:18 November 1831|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Two stones (Nephite interpreters) |
| − | * | + | *Método: Place over eyes, in the dark |
==1832== | ==1832== | ||
| Línea 222: | Línea 228: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
:He accordingly went; and was directed by the angel to a certain spot of ground, where was deposited a “Box”— [138] and in that box contained “Plates,” which resembled gold; also, a pair of “interpreters,” (as he called them,) that resembled spectacles; by looking into which, he could read a writing engraven upon the plates, though to himself, in a tongue unknown.<ref>Nancy Towle, ''Vicissitudes Illustrated in the Experience of Nancy Towle in Europe and America''(Charleston: For the Authoress, 1832), 137–47.</ref></blockquote> | :He accordingly went; and was directed by the angel to a certain spot of ground, where was deposited a “Box”— [138] and in that box contained “Plates,” which resembled gold; also, a pair of “interpreters,” (as he called them,) that resembled spectacles; by looking into which, he could read a writing engraven upon the plates, though to himself, in a tongue unknown.<ref>Nancy Towle, ''Vicissitudes Illustrated in the Experience of Nancy Towle in Europe and America''(Charleston: For the Authoress, 1832), 137–47.</ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Pair of interpreters/spectacles |
| − | * | + | *Método: Able to read the writing engraven on plates |
===News report 7 Mar 1832=== | ===News report 7 Mar 1832=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
Smith with divine aid, was able to translate the plates...<ref>{{CriticalWork:Fredonia Censor:7 March 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | Smith with divine aid, was able to translate the plates...<ref>{{CriticalWork:Fredonia Censor:7 March 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: Divine aid |
===News report of LDS missionary [Lyman Johnson and Arson (Orson?) Pratt] teachings 14 April 1832=== | ===News report of LDS missionary [Lyman Johnson and Arson (Orson?) Pratt] teachings 14 April 1832=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
God by his goodness inspired Smith himself to translate the whole.—Smith, however, not being qualified to write, employed an amanuensis, who wrote for him....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Catholic Telegraph:14 April 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | God by his goodness inspired Smith himself to translate the whole.—Smith, however, not being qualified to write, employed an amanuensis, who wrote for him....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Catholic Telegraph:14 April 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Mentioned, but no individual |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: Divine inspiration |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 10 October 1832=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 10 October 1832=== | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
A slight excavation of the earth, enabled him to arrive at this new revelation, written in mysterious characters, upon gold plates. A pair of spectacles, of strange and peculiar construction were found with the plates, to aid the optics of the prophet....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Boston Recorder:10 October 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | A slight excavation of the earth, enabled him to arrive at this new revelation, written in mysterious characters, upon gold plates. A pair of spectacles, of strange and peculiar construction were found with the plates, to aid the optics of the prophet....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Boston Recorder:10 October 1832|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | *Método: Divine inspiration |
==1833== | ==1833== | ||
===Hostile book report 1833=== | ===Hostile book report 1833=== | ||
| Línea 256: | Línea 262: | ||
Smith had some difficulty in undoing the clasps of this precious volume, but on opening it, though his eyes were good, it appeared to contain nothing but blank paper. It then occurred to him to fit on his spectacles, when, lo! the whole volume was filled with certain figures and pothooks to him unintelligible. Delighted with his good fortune, Smith trudged home with the volume in his pocket and the spectacles on his nose, happy as bibliomaniac who has been lucky enough to purchase some rare ''Editio Princeps'' [first edition] “dog cheap” from the ignorant proprietor of an obscure book-stall. On reaching his own house, his first care was to secure his miraculous treasures from profane observation; his second, to copy out a page or two of the characters, and look about for an interpreter. His search was long fruitless, but, at length, he hit on precisely the two individuals who were qualified conjointly for the office. One of these gentlemen possessed the faculty of reading the hieroglyphics, and the other of interpreting....<ref>Thomas Hamilton, ''Men and Manners in America'' (Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 1833), 364–65. </ref></blockquote> | Smith had some difficulty in undoing the clasps of this precious volume, but on opening it, though his eyes were good, it appeared to contain nothing but blank paper. It then occurred to him to fit on his spectacles, when, lo! the whole volume was filled with certain figures and pothooks to him unintelligible. Delighted with his good fortune, Smith trudged home with the volume in his pocket and the spectacles on his nose, happy as bibliomaniac who has been lucky enough to purchase some rare ''Editio Princeps'' [first edition] “dog cheap” from the ignorant proprietor of an obscure book-stall. On reaching his own house, his first care was to secure his miraculous treasures from profane observation; his second, to copy out a page or two of the characters, and look about for an interpreter. His search was long fruitless, but, at length, he hit on precisely the two individuals who were qualified conjointly for the office. One of these gentlemen possessed the faculty of reading the hieroglyphics, and the other of interpreting....<ref>Thomas Hamilton, ''Men and Manners in America'' (Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 1833), 364–65. </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado—note that Joseph is not even said to be the translator |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | *Método: "Translation" by others |
===''Evening and Morning Star'' January 1833=== | ===''Evening and Morning Star'' January 1833=== | ||
| Línea 265: | Línea 271: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
It was translated by the gift and power of God, by an unlearned man, through the aid of a pair of Interpreters, or spectacles—(known, perhaps, in ancient days as Teraphim, or Urim and Thummim)....<ref>{{EMS|article=The Book of Mormon|vol=1|num=8|date=January 1833|pages=[57–59]}}</ref> </blockquote> | It was translated by the gift and power of God, by an unlearned man, through the aid of a pair of Interpreters, or spectacles—(known, perhaps, in ancient days as Teraphim, or Urim and Thummim)....<ref>{{EMS|article=The Book of Mormon|vol=1|num=8|date=January 1833|pages=[57–59]}}</ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles/Interpreters—"perhaps" the ''teraphim'' or ''urim and thummim'' [first association of the Nephite stones with the ''urim and thummim''?] |
| − | * | + | *Método: By the gift and power of God |
===Joseph Smith (eyewitness) in American Revivalist and Rochester Observer - 2 Feb 1833=== | ===Joseph Smith (eyewitness) in American Revivalist and Rochester Observer - 2 Feb 1833=== | ||
| Línea 274: | Línea 280: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
having been found through the ministration of an holy Angel, translated into our own language by the gift and power of God....<ref>{{CriticalWork:American Revivalist and Rochester Observer:2 February 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | having been found through the ministration of an holy Angel, translated into our own language by the gift and power of God....<ref>{{CriticalWork:American Revivalist and Rochester Observer:2 February 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: By the gift and power of God |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March 1833=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March 1833=== | ||
| Línea 284: | Línea 290: | ||
the golden plates were said to be engraved in a language that none but Smith could read—and that an angel gave him a pair of spectacles which | the golden plates were said to be engraved in a language that none but Smith could read—and that an angel gave him a pair of spectacles which | ||
he put in a hat and thus read and translated, while one of the witnesses wrote it down from his mouth....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Morning Star:7 March 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | he put in a hat and thus read and translated, while one of the witnesses wrote it down from his mouth....<ref>{{CriticalWork:Morning Star:7 March 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Multiple; later identifies "Oliver Powdery" [sic] as "the scribe." |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | *Método: In the hat |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias May 1833=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias May 1833=== | ||
| Línea 293: | Línea 299: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
They have a revelation of their own, which, they affirm, was given to the people of this continent, (the Indians,) on plates, and deposited in the earth, and kept concealed in the earth of the Lord, till the fulfilment of its time, which has now been accomplished: and to prove that Joseph Smith is that wonderful prophet, to whom these marvellous plates and their profound mysteries [263] should be revealed, they recite the 29th chapter of Isaiah, saying that the prophet Smith is that unlearned man, to whom the book was given to read, and he said I cannot, for I am not learned! But this difficulty was soon removed by the spirit which came upon him, and blest him with the gift of tongues. The book then was clearly opened to his understanding, and he translated it to one of the witnesses, who wrote it in our lauguage.{{Cs}}<ref>{{CriticalWork:Gospel Luminary:May 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | They have a revelation of their own, which, they affirm, was given to the people of this continent, (the Indians,) on plates, and deposited in the earth, and kept concealed in the earth of the Lord, till the fulfilment of its time, which has now been accomplished: and to prove that Joseph Smith is that wonderful prophet, to whom these marvellous plates and their profound mysteries [263] should be revealed, they recite the 29th chapter of Isaiah, saying that the prophet Smith is that unlearned man, to whom the book was given to read, and he said I cannot, for I am not learned! But this difficulty was soon removed by the spirit which came upon him, and blest him with the gift of tongues. The book then was clearly opened to his understanding, and he translated it to one of the witnesses, who wrote it in our lauguage.{{Cs}}<ref>{{CriticalWork:Gospel Luminary:May 1833|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: "one of the witnesses" |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: "spirit...blest him with the gift of tongues" |
==1834== | ==1834== | ||
| Línea 303: | Línea 309: | ||
[Martin Harris] says he wrote a considerable part of the book, as Smith dictated, and at one time the presence of the Lord was so great, that a screen was hung up between him and the Prophet; at other times the Prophet would sit in a different room, or up stairs, while the Lord was communicating to him the contents of the plates. He does not pretend that he ever saw the wonderful plates but once, although he and Smith were engaged for months in deciphering their contents.<ref name="howe">{{CriticalWork:Howe:Mormonism Unvailed}}</ref>{{Rp|14}} <ref>Based on reports by Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.</ref> | [Martin Harris] says he wrote a considerable part of the book, as Smith dictated, and at one time the presence of the Lord was so great, that a screen was hung up between him and the Prophet; at other times the Prophet would sit in a different room, or up stairs, while the Lord was communicating to him the contents of the plates. He does not pretend that he ever saw the wonderful plates but once, although he and Smith were engaged for months in deciphering their contents.<ref name="howe">{{CriticalWork:Howe:Mormonism Unvailed}}</ref>{{Rp|14}} <ref>Based on reports by Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Martin Harris |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: present |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | *Método: not specified |
*Locations: Different room; Stairs | *Locations: Different room; Stairs | ||
*Plates: Not present | *Plates: Not present | ||
| Línea 314: | Línea 320: | ||
This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered "by the gift of God:' Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|270}} <ref>Here, Howe reprints a letter, dated February 17, 1834, written by Charles Anthon.</ref> | This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered "by the gift of God:' Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|270}} <ref>Here, Howe reprints a letter, dated February 17, 1834, written by Charles Anthon.</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | *Escribiente: Martin Harris |
| − | * | + | *Cortina: present |
| − | * | + | *Instrumento: Nephite interpreters ("spectacles"; "large pair of spectacles") |
| − | * | + | *Método: "looked through one of the glasses" |
===Isaac Hale (eyewitness), ''Mormonism Unvailed''=== | ===Isaac Hale (eyewitness), ''Mormonism Unvailed''=== | ||
| Línea 323: | Línea 329: | ||
I told them, that I considered the whole of it a delusion, and advised them to abandon it. The manner in which he pretended to read and interpret, was the same as when he looked for the money-diggers, with the stone in his hat, and his hat over his face, while the Book of Plates were at the same time hid in the woods!<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|265}} | I told them, that I considered the whole of it a delusion, and advised them to abandon it. The manner in which he pretended to read and interpret, was the same as when he looked for the money-diggers, with the stone in his hat, and his hat over his face, while the Book of Plates were at the same time hid in the woods!<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|265}} | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: Not identified |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: Not mentioned |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: stone |
| − | * | + | * Método: placed stone in hat |
===Charles Anthon paraphrasing Martin Harris (eyewitness), ''Mormonism Unvailed''=== | ===Charles Anthon paraphrasing Martin Harris (eyewitness), ''Mormonism Unvailed''=== | ||
| Línea 332: | Línea 338: | ||
A “gold book,” consisting of a number of plates of gold, fastened together in the shape of a book by wires of the same metal, had been dug up in the northern part of the state of New York, and along with the book an enormous pair of “''gold spectacles''” ! These spectacles were so large, that, if a person attempted to look through them, his two eyes would have to be turned towards ''one'' of the glasses merely, the spectacles in question being altogether too large for the breadth of the human face. Whoever examined the plates through the spectacles, was enabled not only to ''read'' them, but fully to ''understand'' their meaning. All this knowledge, however, was confined at that time to a young man, who had the trunk containing the book and spectacles in his sole possession. This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm [270] house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered “by the gift of God.” Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|269}} <ref>Statement made by Isaac Hale, Joseph Smith's father-in-law.</ref> | A “gold book,” consisting of a number of plates of gold, fastened together in the shape of a book by wires of the same metal, had been dug up in the northern part of the state of New York, and along with the book an enormous pair of “''gold spectacles''” ! These spectacles were so large, that, if a person attempted to look through them, his two eyes would have to be turned towards ''one'' of the glasses merely, the spectacles in question being altogether too large for the breadth of the human face. Whoever examined the plates through the spectacles, was enabled not only to ''read'' them, but fully to ''understand'' their meaning. All this knowledge, however, was confined at that time to a young man, who had the trunk containing the book and spectacles in his sole possession. This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm [270] house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered “by the gift of God.” Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|269}} <ref>Statement made by Isaac Hale, Joseph Smith's father-in-law.</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: Joseph Smith |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: Present |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | * Método: Looking through spectacles, not a divine process |
[Note that this comment would have derived from ''prior'' to the formal translation process, and likely reflects only Joseph's act of ''copying'' the characters so they could be taken to Harris accompanied by his interpretation.] | [Note that this comment would have derived from ''prior'' to the formal translation process, and likely reflects only Joseph's act of ''copying'' the characters so they could be taken to Harris accompanied by his interpretation.] | ||
| Línea 344: | Línea 350: | ||
The translation finally commenced. They were found to contain a language not now known upon the earth, which they termed “reformed Egyptian characters.” The plates, therefore, which had been so much talked of, were found to be of no manner of use. After all, the Lord showed and communicated to him every word and letter of the Book. Instead of looking at the characters inscribed upon the plates, the prophet was obliged to resort to the old “peep stone,” which he formerly used in money-digging. This he placed in a hat, or box, into which he also thrust his face. Through the stone he could then discover a single word at a time, which he repeated aloud to his amanuensis, who committed it to paper, when another word would immediately appear, and thus the performance continued to the end of the book.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|16-17}}</blockquote> | The translation finally commenced. They were found to contain a language not now known upon the earth, which they termed “reformed Egyptian characters.” The plates, therefore, which had been so much talked of, were found to be of no manner of use. After all, the Lord showed and communicated to him every word and letter of the Book. Instead of looking at the characters inscribed upon the plates, the prophet was obliged to resort to the old “peep stone,” which he formerly used in money-digging. This he placed in a hat, or box, into which he also thrust his face. Through the stone he could then discover a single word at a time, which he repeated aloud to his amanuensis, who committed it to paper, when another word would immediately appear, and thus the performance continued to the end of the book.<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|16-17}}</blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Seer stone |
| − | * | + | * Método: Placed in hat or box |
* Plates: Not looked at directly | * Plates: Not looked at directly | ||
<blockquote>Another account they give of the transaction, is, that it was performed with the big spectacles before mentioned, and which were in fact, the identical ''Urim and Thumim'' mentioned in Exodus 28–30, and were brought away from Jerusalem by the heroes of the book, handed down from one generation to another, and finally buried up in Ontario county, some fifteen centuries since, to enable Smith to translate the plates ''without looking at them !''<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|17}}</blockquote> | <blockquote>Another account they give of the transaction, is, that it was performed with the big spectacles before mentioned, and which were in fact, the identical ''Urim and Thumim'' mentioned in Exodus 28–30, and were brought away from Jerusalem by the heroes of the book, handed down from one generation to another, and finally buried up in Ontario county, some fifteen centuries since, to enable Smith to translate the plates ''without looking at them !''<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|17}}</blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | * Método: No se ha especificado |
<blockquote>But Don Quixote told his squire Sancho, that great fortune was often very near when we least expected it ; thus it was with Smith in diging after hidden treasures—the famous brass plates, the gold spectacles and the interpreting stone were found, perhaps, when he least expected it<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|54}}</blockquote> | <blockquote>But Don Quixote told his squire Sancho, that great fortune was often very near when we least expected it ; thus it was with Smith in diging after hidden treasures—the famous brass plates, the gold spectacles and the interpreting stone were found, perhaps, when he least expected it<ref name="howe"></ref>{{Rp|54}}</blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Spectacles and stone |
| − | * | + | * Método: No se ha especificado |
<blockquote>We are informed that Smith used a stone in a hat, for the purpose of translating the plates. The spectacles and plates were found together, but were taken from him and hid up again before he had translated one word, and he has never seen them since—this is Smith’s own story. Let us ask, what use have the plates been or the spectacles, so long as they have in no sense been used ? or what does the testimony of Martin Harris, Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer amount to?</blockquote> | <blockquote>We are informed that Smith used a stone in a hat, for the purpose of translating the plates. The spectacles and plates were found together, but were taken from him and hid up again before he had translated one word, and he has never seen them since—this is Smith’s own story. Let us ask, what use have the plates been or the spectacles, so long as they have in no sense been used ? or what does the testimony of Martin Harris, Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer amount to?</blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Stone; "spectacles" not used at all |
| − | * | + | * Método: Stone in hat |
* Plates: Not present | * Plates: Not present | ||
| Línea 373: | Línea 379: | ||
<blockquote>But, by the special power of the Spirit, Smith was enabled to translate them.<ref>{{CriticalWork:The Unitarian:January 1834|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>But, by the special power of the Spirit, Smith was enabled to translate them.<ref>{{CriticalWork:The Unitarian:January 1834|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Método: "Special power of the Spirit" |
| − | * Plates: | + | * Plates: No se ha especificado |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 June 1834=== | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 June 1834=== | ||
<blockquote>In the year 1828, one Joseph Smith, an illiterate young man, unable to read his own name, of Palmyra, Wayne County, New York, was reported to have found several golden plates, together with a pair of spectacles, relics of high antiquity. The spectacles were designed to aid mental vision, under rather peculiar circumstances. They were to be adjusted, and the visage thrust into a close hat. This done Smith could interpret the sacred mysteries of the plates, in which lay, by the hypothesis, in the top of the hat!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Protestant Sentinel:4 June 1834|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>In the year 1828, one Joseph Smith, an illiterate young man, unable to read his own name, of Palmyra, Wayne County, New York, was reported to have found several golden plates, together with a pair of spectacles, relics of high antiquity. The spectacles were designed to aid mental vision, under rather peculiar circumstances. They were to be adjusted, and the visage thrust into a close hat. This done Smith could interpret the sacred mysteries of the plates, in which lay, by the hypothesis, in the top of the hat!<ref>{{CriticalWork:Protestant Sentinel:4 June 1834|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Spectacles |
| − | * | + | * Método: Spectacles in the hat |
| − | * Plates: | + | * Plates: No se ha especificado |
===Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness) 7 September 1834=== | ===Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness) 7 September 1834=== | ||
<blockquote>These were days never to be forgotten—to sit under the sound of a voice dictated by the ''inspiration'' of heaven, awakened the utmost gratitude of this bosom! Day after day I continued, uninterrupted, to write from his mouth, as he translated, with the ''Urim and Thummim'', or, as the Nephites whould have said, “Interpreters,” the history, or record, called “The book of Mormon.”<ref>{{MA|article=Oliver Cowdery to W.W. Phelps, 7 September 1834|vol=1|num=1|date=October 1834|pages=[http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/BOMP&CISOPTR=831&REC=9 13–16]}}</ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>These were days never to be forgotten—to sit under the sound of a voice dictated by the ''inspiration'' of heaven, awakened the utmost gratitude of this bosom! Day after day I continued, uninterrupted, to write from his mouth, as he translated, with the ''Urim and Thummim'', or, as the Nephites whould have said, “Interpreters,” the history, or record, called “The book of Mormon.”<ref>{{MA|article=Oliver Cowdery to W.W. Phelps, 7 September 1834|vol=1|num=1|date=October 1834|pages=[http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/BOMP&CISOPTR=831&REC=9 13–16]}}</ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Urim and thummim ("interpreters") |
| − | * | + | * Método: No se ha especificado |
| − | * Plates: | + | * Plates: No se ha especificado |
==1835== | ==1835== | ||
| Línea 403: | Línea 409: | ||
<blockquote>This famous book, which its misguided followers regard as a second Bible, or more properly as the Mohammedans do the Koran, is said to be a translation from certain brass plates, found by one Joseph Smith, in the town of Palmyra, (N. Y.) in 1826. They were enclosed in a box, which had to all appearance been used for common sized window glass. Smith pretended to interpret them, with a stone in his hat, and this hat over his face, while one Martin Harris was employed to write down the contents at his dictation.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Brown:Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>This famous book, which its misguided followers regard as a second Bible, or more properly as the Mohammedans do the Koran, is said to be a translation from certain brass plates, found by one Joseph Smith, in the town of Palmyra, (N. Y.) in 1826. They were enclosed in a box, which had to all appearance been used for common sized window glass. Smith pretended to interpret them, with a stone in his hat, and this hat over his face, while one Martin Harris was employed to write down the contents at his dictation.<ref>{{CriticalWork:Brown:Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: Martin Harris (later mentions Cowdery) |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Stone |
| − | * | + | * Método: Stone in the hat |
* Plates: Presence not specified; plates' box implied to be of modern origin; plates said to be "brass"—this source is clearly garbling at least some of the story. | * Plates: Presence not specified; plates' box implied to be of modern origin; plates said to be "brass"—this source is clearly garbling at least some of the story. | ||
| Línea 413: | Línea 419: | ||
<blockquote>The first one is where you sat day after day and wrote the history of the second race that inhabited this continent, as the words were repeated to you by the Lord’s prophet, through the aid of the “Urim and Thumim,” “Nephite Interpreters,” or Divine Spectacles. I mean when you wrote the book of Mormon, containing the fulness of the gospel to the world, and the covenant to gather Israel, for the last time, as well as the history of the Indians, who, till then, had neither origin among men, not records amid the light and knowledge of the great 19th century.<ref>{{MA1|author=W. W. Phelps to Oliver Cowdery, Christmas 1834|article=Letter No. 4||vol=1|num=5|date=February 1835|start=[http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/BOMP&CISOPTR=1134&REC=9 65-67]}} </ref> </blockquote> | <blockquote>The first one is where you sat day after day and wrote the history of the second race that inhabited this continent, as the words were repeated to you by the Lord’s prophet, through the aid of the “Urim and Thumim,” “Nephite Interpreters,” or Divine Spectacles. I mean when you wrote the book of Mormon, containing the fulness of the gospel to the world, and the covenant to gather Israel, for the last time, as well as the history of the Indians, who, till then, had neither origin among men, not records amid the light and knowledge of the great 19th century.<ref>{{MA1|author=W. W. Phelps to Oliver Cowdery, Christmas 1834|article=Letter No. 4||vol=1|num=5|date=February 1835|start=[http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/BOMP&CISOPTR=1134&REC=9 65-67]}} </ref> </blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Interpreters/Spectacles/Urim and Thummim |
| − | * | + | * Método: No se ha especificado |
| − | * Plates: | + | * Plates: No se ha especificado |
===Cuenta hostil de noticias 1835 === | ===Cuenta hostil de noticias 1835 === | ||
| Línea 424: | Línea 430: | ||
Smith pretended that he had found some golden or brass plates, like the leaves of a book, hid in a box in the earth, to which he was directed by an Angel, in 1827,—that the writing on them was in the “Reformed Egyptian language,”—that he was inspired to interpret the writing, or engraving, by putting a plate in his hat, putting two smooth flat stones, which he found in the box, in the hat, and putting his face therein—that he could not write, but as he translated, one Oliver Cowdry wrote it down.<ref>{{CriticalWork:New York Weekly Messenger:29 April 1835:Mormonism|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | Smith pretended that he had found some golden or brass plates, like the leaves of a book, hid in a box in the earth, to which he was directed by an Angel, in 1827,—that the writing on them was in the “Reformed Egyptian language,”—that he was inspired to interpret the writing, or engraving, by putting a plate in his hat, putting two smooth flat stones, which he found in the box, in the hat, and putting his face therein—that he could not write, but as he translated, one Oliver Cowdry wrote it down.<ref>{{CriticalWork:New York Weekly Messenger:29 April 1835:Mormonism|pages=xxx}} </ref></blockquote> | ||
| − | * | + | * Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery |
| − | * | + | * Cortina: No se ha especificado |
| − | * | + | * Instrumento: Two stones found with plates (interpreters?) |
| − | * | + | * Método: Stones in the hat with a plate |
* Plates: In the hat | * Plates: In the hat | ||
| − | + | {{:Pregunta: ¿Qué hicieron los testigos contemporáneos tienen que decir sobre el proceso de traducción del Libro de Mormón?}} | |
| − | {{ | + | |
| − | + | {{notas finales}} | |
| − | |||
[[en:Book of Mormon/Translation/Method/1829-1835]] | [[en:Book of Mormon/Translation/Method/1829-1835]] | ||
| + | [[pt:O Livro de Mormon/Tradução/Método/1829-1835]] | ||
Revisión actual del 16:14 11 feb 2018
Declaraciones sobre el método de traducción del Libro de Mormón
Saltar a subtema:
Esta página es una cronología de declaraciones de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Las fuentes pueden ser vistos siguiendo los enlaces de citas.
Plantilla:Translation method statements menu
Cronología de las declaraciones sobre los métodos de traducción utilizados para el Libro de Mormón
1829
Cuenta hostil de noticias 11 de agosto 1829
y después de penetrar en la "madre tierra" a corta distancia, el [oro] Biblia se encuentra, junto con un enorme par de gafas! Él había sido dirigida, sin embargo, no dejar que ningún ser mortal examinarlas ", bajo pena de no menos" que la muerte instantánea! Fueron, por tanto, muy bien envuelto y excluidos de la "mirada vulgar de pobres mortales malvados!" Se dice que las hojas de la biblia eran planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y un octavo de pulgada de espesor, en los cuales fueron grabados los caracteres o hyeroglyphics. Mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero, y mirar en él, Smith pudo (que dicho, al menos,) a interpretar estos caracteres.[1]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "Espectáculos" (es decir, intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: Espectáculos en el sombrero
Martin Harris (testigo), parafraseado en el The Gem 5 septiembre 1829
“En el otoño de 1827 un hombre llamado José Smith, de Manchester, en el condado de Ontario, dijo que había sido visitado por el espíritu de Dios en un sueño, y con conocimiento de que en una determinada colina en esa ciudad se depositó una Biblia de oro, que contiene un registro antiguo de origen divino. Afirma que después de la tercera visita del mismo espíritu en un sueño que él procedió a la mancha, tierra removida, y allí encontró la Biblia, junto con un gran par de gafas. Él también había sido dirigida a permitir que ningún mortal verlos bajo la pena de muerte inmediata, que medida cautelar que firmemente se adhiere a. El tesoro consistía en una serie de planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y un octavo de pulgada de espesor, en la que estaban grabadas jeroglíficos. Mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero y mirar en él, Smith interpreta a los personajes en el idioma Inglés.[”][2]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "Espectáculos"
- Método: Espectáculos en el sombrero
1830
Martin Harris (testigo), parafraseado y reimpreso en New-York Telescope 20 Feb 1830
...procedió al lugar y encontró la Biblia, con un enorme par de gafas .... Se dice que han demostrado que algunos de estos personajes con el profesor Samuel L. Mitchell, de esta ciudad, quien no pudo traducirlos. Martin Harris regresó y puso a José Smith para el negocio de su traducción: que, "mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero y mirando a ellos, Joseph Smith dijo que podía interpretar estos caracteres".[3]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "Espectáculos"
- Método: Espectáculos en el sombrero
Cuenta hostil de noticias 27 Feb 1830
El hombre inspirado que escribió la "Biblia de oro" en "planchas de bronce" en el idioma "egipcio reformado", a causa de su brevedad, según se nos informa, por medio de uno de estos profetas pseudo, nunca tuvo la mitad de la problemas que experimentamos en descifrar los pergaminos indecorosas de este oscuro representante de dominios antiguo de Plutón. Sus cartas y comunicaciones están todas escritas en griego gentes, y los personajes tan bien e imperfecta, que a pesar de la gran potencia de nuestros espectáculos editoriales, lo tenemos en un caso de quemar el garabato en la desesperación![4]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "Espectáculos?"
- Método: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias circa mayo 1830
Un tipo con el nombre de José Smith, quien reside en la parte superior del Condado de Susquehanna, ha sido, durante los últimos dos años se nos dice, empleado en dedicar como él dice, por inspiración, una nueva biblia. Fingió que había sido confiada por Dios con una Biblia de oro que había sido siempre oculta al mundo. Smith pondría su cara en un sombrero en el que tuvo una piedrecita blanca, y pretender leer de él, mientras que su coadjutor transcribe.[5]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Stone
- Método: In a hat
Cuenta hostil de noticias 2 junio 1830
Ahora el resto de los actos del mago [Walters], ¿cómo cayó el manto' en el profeta Jo. Smith junio y cómo Jo. hecho un pacto con el espíritu', que después resultó ser un ángel, y la forma en que obtuvo el "Gold Biblia," Espectáculos y la placa-se de mama que no se registrará fielmente en el libro de Pukei?”[6]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Espectáculos y la coraza [Walters el mago se dice que han tenido un " magia de piedra", que se llevó con él.]
- Método: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 July 1830
LIBRO DE PUKEI.-Cap. 2 Contenido -.. .... 8 gafas de coraza-Oliver, etc .... [Joseph] arte elegido para interpretar el libro, que Mormón ha escrito, a saber, el oro de la Biblia? 8. "Y he aquí! Contesté el espíritu de los cavadores de dinero diciendo: ¿Cómo puede hacerse esto, como Yo no puedo leer ni escribir? Y él me dijo: "'Te daré una placa de pecho, que te guarden; del mal, y yo te enviaré un ayudante, incluso Oliver, el pedagogo ".[7]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Espectáculos y la coraza
- Método: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 2 agosto 1830
los vicios y locuras de los demás, si bien aprecia están llenas de instrucción, y que sólo requieren 'JO SMITH'S' Magia Espectáculos, o algún otro instrumento óptico de gran alcance para que se conviertan en nuestro propio beneficio.[8]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "Espectáculos " (i.e., intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 16 noviembre 1830
...que se dice para ser traducido del Jeroglíficos egipcios, en planchas de metal, por uno Smith, que fue habilitado para leer los caracteres de la instrucción de los Ángeles....[9]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: Impartido por ángeles
Oliver Cowdery en cuenta hostil de noticias 18 noviembre 1830
De acuerdo con el relato dado por uno de estos discípulos-Oliver Cowdery-en su exposición final de Kirtland, esta pretendida Apocalipsis fue escrito en planchas de oro, o algo parecido a las placas de oro, del espesor de estaño-7 pulgadas de largo, 6 pulgadas de anchura, y una pila de aproximadamente 6 pulgadas de profundidad. Ninguno entre los más aprendido en los Estados Unidos podía leer e interpretar la escritura de la mano, (salvo uno, y él podía descifrar, pero unas pocas líneas correctamente,) exceptuando este ignorante, Joseph Smith, Jr. Para él, dicen, era dado el espíritu de la interpretación; pero era ignorante del arte de la escritura, empleó este Oliver Cowdery y otros a escribir, mientras leía, interpretado, y tradujo esta poderosa Revelación.[10]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: El espíritu de inspiración
Cuenta hostil de noticias 20 noviembre 1830
Usted probablemente ha oído hablar de la Biblia de oro extraído de la tierra por Joseph Smith, el dinero-digger. Esto se ha traducido del idioma egipcio reformado al Inglés, por un par de gafas de piedra (proporcionados por un ángel) y un sombrero oscuro delante de sus ojos.[11]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Espectáculos de piedra
- Método: Sombrero ante los ojos
Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 December 1830
En el otoño de 1827, un hombre llamado Joseph Smith, de Manchester, Condado de Ontario, Nueva York informó que se le había visitado tres veces en un sueño, por el espíritu de Dios, y con conocimiento de que en una determinada colina en esa ciudad, fue un Biblia de oro, que contiene un registro antiguo de naturaleza y origen divino. Al ir al lugar que encontró enterrado la Biblia con un enorme par de gafas: Las hojas (dijo, aunque 'no se le permitió a mostrar a ellos) eran planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y 1 al 8 de pulgada caracteres o hieroglyphicks, que con los espectáculos que podía interpretar de espesor, en la que se grabó. Martin Harris un agricultor laborioso, captó el contagio, se llevó algunos de los personajes de diferentes sabios para traducir, pero sin éxito. Regresó, establezca Smith a trabajar en su traducción, y ha tenido que imprimir.[12]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 8 December 1830
Algunos o dos años desde que el incrédulo se divirtió con el cuento de que, guiados por la inspiración, alguien había encontrado muchas planchas de oro enterradas en la tierra cerca de Palmyra, condado de Wayne, en este estado, en la que se dieron a conocer, en una lengua desconocida, (una extraña revelación se podría pensar) el todo del hombre. Este el buscador y camarada fueron habilitadas, por la agencia sobrenatural, para traducir, ya que el libro ha sido impreso y predicadores ambulantes han salido con él, para iluminar al mundo.[13]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: Agente sobrenatural
Cuenta hostil de noticias 14 December 1830
This new Gospel they say was found in Ontario co. N.Y. and was discovered by an Angel of light, appearing in a dream to a man by the name of Smith, who, as directed, went to a certain place and dug from the earth a stone box, containing plates of gold, on which this gospel was engraved in characters unknown. The said Smith though a man so illiterate that he cannot write, was, by divine inspiration, enabled to give the true interpretation, and the man who wrote from the mouth of Smith, is one of the four mentioned above.[14]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: By divine inspiration
Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 December 1830
At a recent period, an angel appeared to a poor ignorant man residing in, or near Palmyra, in Ontario county, in the State of New-York, and directed him to open the earth at a place designated, where he would find the new revelation engraved on plates of metal. In obedience to the celestial messenger, Smith repaired to the spot, and on opening the ground, discovered an oblong stone box, tightly closed with cement. He opened the sacred depository, and found enclosed a bundle of plates resembling gold, carefully united at one edge with three silver wires, so that they opened like a book. The plates were about seven inches long and six broad, and the whole pile was about seven inches long and six broad, and was about six inches deep; each plate about the thickness of tin. They were engraved in a character unintelligible to the learned men of the United States, to many of whom it is said they have been presented. The angel afterwards appeared to the three individuals, and showed them the plates. To Smith was given to transcribe the character which he was enabled to do by looking through two semitransparent stones, but as he was ignorant of the writing, Cowdry and others wrote as Smith interpreted. They say, that part of the plates escaped from them in a supernatural manner, and are again to be revealed when the events of time shall require them.[15]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery and others
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Two semitransparent stones [the Nephite interpreters?]
- Método: "by looking through two semitransparent stones"; not otherwise characterized
1831
Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 February 1831
He that touched these stones appeared unto the brother of Jared, and said: “Behold I am Jesus Christ. I am the Father and the Son.” Two of these stones were sealed up with the plates, and became the spectacles of Joseph Smith, according to a prediction uttered before Abraham was born....This prophet Smith, through his stone spectacles, wrote on the plates of Nephi, in his book of Mormon, every error and almost every truth discussed in New York for the last ten years....[it] is, without exaggeration, the meanest book in the English language: but it is a translation made through stone spectacles, in a dark room, and in the hat of the prophet Smith, from the reformed Egyptian!!![16]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles (two stones); "stone spectacles."
- Método: In a dark room, in the hat
Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March1831
the surface of which was covered with hieroglyphic characters, unintelligible to Smith, the finder, who could [218] not read English. However the angel (ghost!) that discovered the plates to him, likewise informed him that he would be inspired to translate the inscriptions without looking at the plates, while an amanuensis would record his infallible reading....[17]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: Inspired; results would be "infallible"
- Plates: not necessary to look at while translating
Martin Harris (eyewitness), paraphrased in the Palmyra Reflector 19 March 1831
Harris declares, that when he acted as amanuenses, and wrote the translation, as Smith dictated, such was his fear of the Divine displeasure, that a screen (sheet) was suspended between the prophet and himself.... [18]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris
- Cortina: Present
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: No se ha especificado
Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness), paraphrased in hostile press 9 April 1831
During the trial it was shown that the Book of Mormon was brought to light by the same magic power by which he pretended to tell fortunes, discover hidden treasures, &c. Oliver Cowdry, one of the three witnesses to the book, testified under oath, that said Smith found with the plates, from which he translated his book, two transparent stones, resembling glass, set in silver bows. That by looking through these, he was able to read in English, the formed Egyptian characters, which were engraved on the plates.
So much for the gift and power of God. by which Smith says he translate his book. Two transparent stones, undoubtedly of the same properties, and the gift of the same spirit as the one in which he looked to find his neighbor’s goods.[19]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Two transparent stones with plates; distinguished from the seer stone or "peep" stone.
- Método: Looking through the stones
Cuenta hostil de noticias circa May 1831
He [Joseph] has 10 year’s translating to do; he looks in a small stone he has, and there reads the will of the Lord and writes it for the good of his fellow men.[20]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: A stone; not clear if this is translation of Book of Mormon or other revelation
- Método: No se ha especificado
Ezra Booth (non-eyewitness) 27 Oct 1831
- So also in translating.—The subject stands before his eyes in print, but it matters not whether his eyes are open or shut; he can see as well one way as the other....
- These treasures were discovered several years since, by means of the dark glass, the same with which Smith says he translated most of the Book of Mormon.[21]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: "dark glass" (? "peep stone" variant)
- Método: Eyes open or closed
Cuenta hostil de noticias 18 November 1831
- The preacher said he [Joseph] found in the same place two stones, with which he was enabled by placing them over his eyes and putting his head in a dark corner, to decypher the hieroglyphics on the plates![22]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Two stones (Nephite interpreters)
- Método: Place over eyes, in the dark
1832
Nancy Towle - visiting critic 1832
- He accordingly went; and was directed by the angel to a certain spot of ground, where was deposited a “Box”— [138] and in that box contained “Plates,” which resembled gold; also, a pair of “interpreters,” (as he called them,) that resembled spectacles; by looking into which, he could read a writing engraven upon the plates, though to himself, in a tongue unknown.[23]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Pair of interpreters/spectacles
- Método: Able to read the writing engraven on plates
News report 7 Mar 1832
Smith with divine aid, was able to translate the plates...[24]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: Divine aid
News report of LDS missionary [Lyman Johnson and Arson (Orson?) Pratt] teachings 14 April 1832
God by his goodness inspired Smith himself to translate the whole.—Smith, however, not being qualified to write, employed an amanuensis, who wrote for him....[25]
- Escribiente: Mentioned, but no individual
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: Divine inspiration
Cuenta hostil de noticias 10 October 1832
A slight excavation of the earth, enabled him to arrive at this new revelation, written in mysterious characters, upon gold plates. A pair of spectacles, of strange and peculiar construction were found with the plates, to aid the optics of the prophet....[26]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: Divine inspiration
1833
Hostile book report 1833
he found a book with golden clasps and cover, and a pair of elegantly mounted spectacles, somewhat old-fashioned to be sure, but astonishing magnifiers, and possessing qualities which it might puzzle Sir David Brewster to explain on optical principles.
Smith had some difficulty in undoing the clasps of this precious volume, but on opening it, though his eyes were good, it appeared to contain nothing but blank paper. It then occurred to him to fit on his spectacles, when, lo! the whole volume was filled with certain figures and pothooks to him unintelligible. Delighted with his good fortune, Smith trudged home with the volume in his pocket and the spectacles on his nose, happy as bibliomaniac who has been lucky enough to purchase some rare Editio Princeps [first edition] “dog cheap” from the ignorant proprietor of an obscure book-stall. On reaching his own house, his first care was to secure his miraculous treasures from profane observation; his second, to copy out a page or two of the characters, and look about for an interpreter. His search was long fruitless, but, at length, he hit on precisely the two individuals who were qualified conjointly for the office. One of these gentlemen possessed the faculty of reading the hieroglyphics, and the other of interpreting....[27]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado—note that Joseph is not even said to be the translator
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: "Translation" by others
Evening and Morning Star January 1833
It was translated by the gift and power of God, by an unlearned man, through the aid of a pair of Interpreters, or spectacles—(known, perhaps, in ancient days as Teraphim, or Urim and Thummim)....[28]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles/Interpreters—"perhaps" the teraphim or urim and thummim [first association of the Nephite stones with the urim and thummim?]
- Método: By the gift and power of God
Joseph Smith (eyewitness) in American Revivalist and Rochester Observer - 2 Feb 1833
having been found through the ministration of an holy Angel, translated into our own language by the gift and power of God....[29]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: By the gift and power of God
Cuenta hostil de noticias 7 March 1833
the golden plates were said to be engraved in a language that none but Smith could read—and that an angel gave him a pair of spectacles which
he put in a hat and thus read and translated, while one of the witnesses wrote it down from his mouth....[30]
- Escribiente: Multiple; later identifies "Oliver Powdery" [sic] as "the scribe."
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: In the hat
Cuenta hostil de noticias May 1833
They have a revelation of their own, which, they affirm, was given to the people of this continent, (the Indians,) on plates, and deposited in the earth, and kept concealed in the earth of the Lord, till the fulfilment of its time, which has now been accomplished: and to prove that Joseph Smith is that wonderful prophet, to whom these marvellous plates and their profound mysteries [263] should be revealed, they recite the 29th chapter of Isaiah, saying that the prophet Smith is that unlearned man, to whom the book was given to read, and he said I cannot, for I am not learned! But this difficulty was soon removed by the spirit which came upon him, and blest him with the gift of tongues. The book then was clearly opened to his understanding, and he translated it to one of the witnesses, who wrote it in our lauguage. [comprobar la ortografía][31]
- Escribiente: "one of the witnesses"
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: "spirit...blest him with the gift of tongues"
1834
Eber D. Howe (non-eyewitness), paraphrasing Martin Harris (eyewitness) in Mormonism Unvailed
[Martin Harris] says he wrote a considerable part of the book, as Smith dictated, and at one time the presence of the Lord was so great, that a screen was hung up between him and the Prophet; at other times the Prophet would sit in a different room, or up stairs, while the Lord was communicating to him the contents of the plates. He does not pretend that he ever saw the wonderful plates but once, although he and Smith were engaged for months in deciphering their contents.[32]:14 [33]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris
- Cortina: present
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: not specified
- Locations: Different room; Stairs
- Plates: Not present
Charles Anthon (non-eyewitness), in Mormonism Unvailed
This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered "by the gift of God:' Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.[32]:270 [34]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris
- Cortina: present
- Instrumento: Nephite interpreters ("spectacles"; "large pair of spectacles")
- Método: "looked through one of the glasses"
Isaac Hale (eyewitness), Mormonism Unvailed
I told them, that I considered the whole of it a delusion, and advised them to abandon it. The manner in which he pretended to read and interpret, was the same as when he looked for the money-diggers, with the stone in his hat, and his hat over his face, while the Book of Plates were at the same time hid in the woods![32]:265
- Escribiente: Not identified
- Cortina: Not mentioned
- Instrumento: stone
- Método: placed stone in hat
Charles Anthon paraphrasing Martin Harris (eyewitness), Mormonism Unvailed
A “gold book,” consisting of a number of plates of gold, fastened together in the shape of a book by wires of the same metal, had been dug up in the northern part of the state of New York, and along with the book an enormous pair of “gold spectacles” ! These spectacles were so large, that, if a person attempted to look through them, his two eyes would have to be turned towards one of the glasses merely, the spectacles in question being altogether too large for the breadth of the human face. Whoever examined the plates through the spectacles, was enabled not only to read them, but fully to understand their meaning. All this knowledge, however, was confined at that time to a young man, who had the trunk containing the book and spectacles in his sole possession. This young man was placed behind a curtain, in the garret of a farm [270] house, and, being thus concealed from view, put on the spectacles occasionally, or rather, looked through one of the glasses, decyphered the characters in the book, and, having committed some of them to paper, handed copies from behind the curtain, to those who stood on the outside. Not a word, however, was said about the plates having been decyphered “by the gift of God.” Every thing, in this way, was effected by the large pair of spectacles.[32]:269 [35]
- Escribiente: Joseph Smith
- Cortina: Present
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: Looking through spectacles, not a divine process
[Note that this comment would have derived from prior to the formal translation process, and likely reflects only Joseph's act of copying the characters so they could be taken to Harris accompanied by his interpretation.]
Mormonism Unvailed - 1834
They at the same time gave out that, along with the plates, was found a huge pair of silver spectacles, altogether too large for the present race of men, but which were to be used, nevertheless, in translating the plates. [17] The translation finally commenced. They were found to contain a language not now known upon the earth, which they termed “reformed Egyptian characters.” The plates, therefore, which had been so much talked of, were found to be of no manner of use. After all, the Lord showed and communicated to him every word and letter of the Book. Instead of looking at the characters inscribed upon the plates, the prophet was obliged to resort to the old “peep stone,” which he formerly used in money-digging. This he placed in a hat, or box, into which he also thrust his face. Through the stone he could then discover a single word at a time, which he repeated aloud to his amanuensis, who committed it to paper, when another word would immediately appear, and thus the performance continued to the end of the book.[32]:16-17
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Seer stone
- Método: Placed in hat or box
- Plates: Not looked at directly
Another account they give of the transaction, is, that it was performed with the big spectacles before mentioned, and which were in fact, the identical Urim and Thumim mentioned in Exodus 28–30, and were brought away from Jerusalem by the heroes of the book, handed down from one generation to another, and finally buried up in Ontario county, some fifteen centuries since, to enable Smith to translate the plates without looking at them ![32]:17
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: No se ha especificado
But Don Quixote told his squire Sancho, that great fortune was often very near when we least expected it ; thus it was with Smith in diging after hidden treasures—the famous brass plates, the gold spectacles and the interpreting stone were found, perhaps, when he least expected it[32]:54
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles and stone
- Método: No se ha especificado
We are informed that Smith used a stone in a hat, for the purpose of translating the plates. The spectacles and plates were found together, but were taken from him and hid up again before he had translated one word, and he has never seen them since—this is Smith’s own story. Let us ask, what use have the plates been or the spectacles, so long as they have in no sense been used ? or what does the testimony of Martin Harris, Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer amount to?
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Stone; "spectacles" not used at all
- Método: Stone in hat
- Plates: Not present
Cuenta hostil de noticias Jan 1834
But, by the special power of the Spirit, Smith was enabled to translate them.[36]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: No se ha especificado
- Método: "Special power of the Spirit"
- Plates: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 4 June 1834
In the year 1828, one Joseph Smith, an illiterate young man, unable to read his own name, of Palmyra, Wayne County, New York, was reported to have found several golden plates, together with a pair of spectacles, relics of high antiquity. The spectacles were designed to aid mental vision, under rather peculiar circumstances. They were to be adjusted, and the visage thrust into a close hat. This done Smith could interpret the sacred mysteries of the plates, in which lay, by the hypothesis, in the top of the hat![37]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Spectacles
- Método: Spectacles in the hat
- Plates: No se ha especificado
Oliver Cowdery (eyewitness) 7 September 1834
These were days never to be forgotten—to sit under the sound of a voice dictated by the inspiration of heaven, awakened the utmost gratitude of this bosom! Day after day I continued, uninterrupted, to write from his mouth, as he translated, with the Urim and Thummim, or, as the Nephites whould have said, “Interpreters,” the history, or record, called “The book of Mormon.”[38]
- Escribiente: No se ha especificado
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Urim and thummim ("interpreters")
- Método: No se ha especificado
- Plates: No se ha especificado
1835
Cuenta hostil de noticias - 1834/35
This famous book, which its misguided followers regard as a second Bible, or more properly as the Mohammedans do the Koran, is said to be a translation from certain brass plates, found by one Joseph Smith, in the town of Palmyra, (N. Y.) in 1826. They were enclosed in a box, which had to all appearance been used for common sized window glass. Smith pretended to interpret them, with a stone in his hat, and this hat over his face, while one Martin Harris was employed to write down the contents at his dictation.[39]
- Escribiente: Martin Harris (later mentions Cowdery)
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Stone
- Método: Stone in the hat
- Plates: Presence not specified; plates' box implied to be of modern origin; plates said to be "brass"—this source is clearly garbling at least some of the story.
W.W. Phelps to Oliver Cowdery - Feb 1835
The first one is where you sat day after day and wrote the history of the second race that inhabited this continent, as the words were repeated to you by the Lord’s prophet, through the aid of the “Urim and Thumim,” “Nephite Interpreters,” or Divine Spectacles. I mean when you wrote the book of Mormon, containing the fulness of the gospel to the world, and the covenant to gather Israel, for the last time, as well as the history of the Indians, who, till then, had neither origin among men, not records amid the light and knowledge of the great 19th century.[40]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Interpreters/Spectacles/Urim and Thummim
- Método: No se ha especificado
- Plates: No se ha especificado
Cuenta hostil de noticias 1835
Smith pretended that he had found some golden or brass plates, like the leaves of a book, hid in a box in the earth, to which he was directed by an Angel, in 1827,—that the writing on them was in the “Reformed Egyptian language,”—that he was inspired to interpret the writing, or engraving, by putting a plate in his hat, putting two smooth flat stones, which he found in the box, in the hat, and putting his face therein—that he could not write, but as he translated, one Oliver Cowdry wrote it down.[41]
- Escribiente: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No se ha especificado
- Instrumento: Two stones found with plates (interpreters?)
- Método: Stones in the hat with a plate
- Plates: In the hat
Pregunta: ¿Qué dijeron los testigos contemporáneos sobre el proceso de traducción del Libro de Mormón?
Noticiero hostil 11 de agosto 1829
y después de penetrar "la madre tierra" a corta distancia, ¡La Biblia [de Oro] fue encontrada, junta con un gran par de gafas! Él había sido dirigido, sin embargo, no dejar que ningún ser mortal las examine, "bajo ninguna pena menor" que la muerte instantánea! Fueron, por tanto, muy bien envueltas y excluidas de la "mirada vulgar de pobres mortales malvados!" Se decía que las hojas de la biblia eran planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y un octavo de pulgada de espesor, en las cuales fueron grabados caracteres o jeroglíficos. Mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero, y el mirar en ello, Smith podría (o al menos como dijo) interpretar estos carácteres.[42]
- Escriba: no especificado
- Cortina: no especifcado
- Instrumento: "Gafas" (es decir, los intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
Martin Harris (testigo), parafraseó en The Gem 05 de septiembre 1829
"En el otoño de 1827 un hombre llamado José Smith, de Manchester, en el condado de Ontario, dijo que había sido visitado por el espíritu de Dios en un sueño, y con conocimiento de que en cierta colina de esa ciudad estaba depositada una Biblia de Oro, que contiene un registro antiguo de origen divino. Afirma que después de la tercera visita del mismo espíritu en un sueño procedió al lugar, removió la tierra, y allí encontró la Biblia, junta con un gran par de gafas. A él también se le mandó que ningún mortal las viera bajo la pena de muerte inmediata, mandamiento a que se adhiere firmemente. El tesoro consistía en una serie de planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y un octavo de pulgada de espesor, sobre las cuales fueron grabados unos jeroglíficos. Mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero el mirar en ello, Smith interpreta los caracteres en el idioma Inglés ".[43]
- Escriba: Martin Harris
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: "Gafas" (es decir, los intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
Martin Harris (testigo), parafraseado y reimpreso en New-York Telescope 20 de febrero 1830
...procedió al lugar y encontró la Biblia, con un enorme par de gafas .... Se dice que han mostrado algunos de estos carácteres al profesor Samuel L. Mitchell, de esta ciudad, que no podía traducirlos. Martin Harris regresó, y puso a José Smith a la tarea de traducirlos: que, "mediante la colocación de las gafas en un sombrero y el mirar en ello, José Smith dijo que podía interpretar estos carácteres".[44]
- Escriba: Martin Harris
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: "Gafas" (es decir, los intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
Noticiero hostil 27 de febrero 1830
El hombre inspirado que escribió la "Biblia de Oro" en "planchas de bronce", en el idioma "egipcio reformado", a causa de su brevedad, según se nos informa, por medio de uno de esos seudo-profetas , nunca tuvo la mitad de los problemas que experimentamos en descifrar los pergaminos indecorosos de este oscuro representante de dominios de edad de Plutón. Sus cartas y comunicaciones están escritas en griego pagano, y los carácteres tan finos e imperfectos, que a pesar de la gran potencia de nuestras gafas editoriales, hemos quemado en un caso el garabato en desesperación![45]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: "Gafas"?
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
Noticiero hostil alrededor del año 05 1830
Un tipo con el nombre de José Smith, quien reside en la parte superior del condado de Susquehanna, ha sido, durante los últimos dos años se nos dice, empleado en dedicar como él dice, por inspiración, una nueva biblia. Fingió que había sido confiado por Dios con una biblia de oro que siempre había estado escondido del mundo. Smith ponía su cara en un sombrero en el cual tenía una piedrecita blanca, y fingía leer de ella, mientras su coadjutor transcribía.[46]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Piedra
- Método: En un sombrero
Noticiero hostil 02 de junio 1830
Ahora el resto de los actos del mago [Walters], cómo cayó su manto sobre el profeta Jo. Smith Hijo y cómo Jo. hizo un pacto con el espíritu , quien después resultó ser un ángel, y cómo obtuvo la "Biblia de Oro," gafas y pectoral — ¿no estarán grabados fielmente en el libro de Pukei? "[47]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas y pectoral [Se dice que Walters el mago tenía una piedra mágica, que llevaba con él.]
- Método: No especificado
Noticiero hostil 07 de julio 1830
LIBRO DE PUKEI.-Cap. 2. Contenido.-.... 8 gafas-pectoral-Oliver, &c .... [José] eres elegido para interpretar el libro que Mormón ha escrito, a saber, la Biblia de Oro? 8. "Y he aquí! Contesté el espíritu de los cazadores de tesoro diciendo, ¿cómo puede ser esto, como, pues no puedo ni leer ni escribir? Y él me dijo: "'Yo te daré un pectoral, para que te guarde del mal, y yo te enviaré un ayudante, incluso Oliver, el pedagogo '.[48]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas y pectoral
- Método: No especificado
Noticiero hostil 02 de agosto 1830
los vicios y locuras de los demás, si son bien apreciados están llenos de instrucción, y que solo requerimos las Gafas Mágicas de JO SMITH, u otro poderoso instrumento óptico para que aprovechemos de ellos.[49]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: "Gafas" (es decir, los intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: No especificado
Noticiero hostil 16 de noviembre 1830
...cual se dice que fue traducido de jeroglíficos egipcios, en planchas de metal, por un Smith, que fue habilitado para leer los caracteres por la instrucción de Angeles....[50]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Impartido por ángeles
Oliver Cowdery en noticiero hostil 18 de noviembre 1830
Según el relato dado por uno de estos discípulos—Oliver Cowdery— a su exposición a finales de Kirtland, esta revelación fingida fue escrita en planchas de oro, o algo parecido a planchas de oro, del espesor de estaño-7 pulgadas de largo, 6 pulgadas de anchura, y una pila de aproximadamente 6 pulgadas de profundidad. Ninguno de los más sabios en los Estados Unidos podía leer e interpretar la letra, (salvo uno, y él pudo descifrar solo unas cuantas líneas correctamente), exceptuando a este ignorante, José Smith, hijo. Que a él, dicen, fue dado el espíritu de interpretación; pero como era ignorante del arte de la escritura, empleó a este Oliver Cowdery y a otros a escribir, mientras leía, interpretaba, y traducía esta poderosa Revelación.[51]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Espíritu de la inspiración
Noticiero hostil 20 de noviembre 1830
Quizás han escuchado de la Biblia de Oro sacada de la tierra por José Smith, el cazador de tesoro. Esta se ha traducido del idioma egipcio reformado al Inglés, por un par de gafas de piedra (proporcionado por un ángel) y un sombrero oscuro ante sus ojos.[52]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas de piedra
- Método: Sombrero ante los ojos
Noticiero hostil 04 de diciembre 1830
En el otoño de 1827, un hombre llamado José Smith, de Manchester, Condado de Ontario, Nueva York reportó que había sido visitado tres veces en un sueño, por el espíritu del Todopoderoso, e informado que en cierta colina en esa ciudad, estaba una Biblia de Oro, que contenía un registro antiguo de naturaleza y origen divinos. Al ir al lugar encontró la Biblia enterrada con un enorme par de gafas: Las hojas (dijo, aunque 'no se le permitió mostrarlas) eran planchas de oro, cerca de 8 pulgadas de largo, 6 de ancho, y 1-8o de pulgada de espesor, sobre las cuales estaban grabadas carácteres o jeroglíficos, que con las gafas él podía interpretar. Martin Harris un granjero trabajador, captó el contagio, tomó algunos de los carácteres a diferentes eruditos para traducir, pero sin éxito. Regresó, le puso a Smith a trabajar en su traducción, y lo ha imprimido.[53]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: No especificado
Noticiero hostil 08 de diciembre 1830
Hace un año o dos que los crédulos [tal vez incrédulos?] fueron divertidos con el cuento de que, guiado por la inspiración, alguien había encontrado muchas planchas de oro enterradas en la tierra cerca de Palmyra, condado de Wayne, en este estado, en las cuales estaba revelado, en una lengua desconocida, (una extraña revelación se podría pensar) el deber completo del hombre. Esto el buscador y camarada fueron habilitados, por albedrío sobrenatural, a traducir ya que el libro ha sido imprimido y predicadores viajadores han salido con él, para iluminar el mundo.[54]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Albedrío sobrenatural
Noticiero hostil 14 de diciembre 1830
Dicen que este nuevo Evangelio fue encontrado en el co. de Ontario NY y fue descubierto por un ángel de luz, apareciendo en un sueño a un hombre por el nombre de Smith, quien, como fue dirigido, fue a cierto lugar y sacó de la tierra una caja de piedra, que contenía las planchas de oro, en las cuales este evangelio fue grabado en caracteres desconocidos. El susodicho Smith aunque es un hombre tan analfabeto que no puede escribir, fue, por inspiración divina, habilitado para que diera la verdadera interpretación, y el hombre que escribió de la boca de Smith, es uno de los cuatro mencionados anteriormente.[55]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Por inspiración divina
Noticiero hostil 18 de diciembre 1830
En un período reciente, un ángel se apareció a un hombre pobre e ignorante que reside en, o cerca de Palmyra, en el condado de Ontario, en el Estado de Nueva York, y lo dirigió a abrir la tierra en un lugar designado, donde encontraría la nueva revelación grabada en planchas de metal. En obediencia al mensajero celestial, Smith fue al lugar, y al abrir la tierra, descubrió una caja de piedra oblonga, perfectamente cerrada con cemento. Abrió el depositario sagrado, y encontró encerrado un paquete de planchas que se asemejaban a oro, unidas cuidadosamente en un borde con tres alambres de plata, para que abrieran como un libro. Las planchas eran alrededor de siete pulgadas de largo y seis de ancho, y la pila completa era cerca de siete pulgadas de largo y seis de ancho, y era cerca de seis pulgadas de profundidad; cada plancha aproximadamente el grosor de estaño. Fueron grabadas en un carácter no inteligible para los sabios de los Estados Unidos, a muchos de los cuales se dice se han presentado. El ángel después se apareció a los tres individuos, y les mostró las planchas. A Smith se le dirigió a transcribir el carácter que se le permitía hacer al mirar por en medio de dos piedras semitransparentes, pero como él era ignorante de la escritura, Cowdry y otros escribían a medida que Smith interpretaba. Dicen, que parte de las planchas escaparon de ellos de una manera sobrenatural, y se han de revelar de nuevo cuando los eventos de la época las requieran..[56]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery y otros
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Dos piedras semitransparentes [los intérpretes nefitas?]
- Método: "al mirar a través de dos piedras semitransparentes"; No caracterizado de otra manera.
Noticiero hostil 07 de febrero 1831
Él que tocó estas piedras apareció al hermano de Jared, y dijo: "He aquí, yo soy Jesucristo. Yo soy el Padre y el Hijo . Dos de estas piedras fueron selladas con las planchas, y se convirtieron en las gafas de José Smith, de acuerdo con una predicción pronunciada antes de que nació Abraham .... Este profeta Smith, a través de gafas de piedra, escribió sobre las planchas de Nefi, en su libro de Mormón, cada error y casi toda verdad discutidos en Nueva York durante los últimos diez años .... que es, sin exagerar, el libro más malo en el idioma Inglés: ¡¡¡pero es una traducción hecha a través de gafas de piedra, en un cuarto oscuro, y en el sombrero del profeta Smith, del egipcio reformado !!![57]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas (dos piedras); "gafas de piedra."
- Método: En un cuarto oscuro, en el sombrero.
Noticiero hostil 07 de marzo 1831
cuya superficie estaba cubierta con carácteres jeroglíficos, ininteligibles a Smith, él que los encontró, quien no podría [218] leer el Inglés. Sin embargo el ángel (fantasma!) que le descubrió las planchas a él, del mismo modo le informó que él sería inspirado a traducir las inscripciones sin mirar las planchas, mientras un amanuense grabaría su lectura infalible ....[58]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Inspirado; los resultados serían "infalibles". No necesario mirar las planchas.
Martin Harris (testigo), parafraseado en el Palmyra Reflector 19 de marzo 1831
Harris declara, que cuando él actuaba como amanuense, y escribía la traducción, a medida que Smith dictaba, tal era su miedo del descontento Divino, que una pantalla (sábana) se suspendía entre el profeta y él mismo .... [59]
- Escriba: Martin Harris
- Cortina: Presenta
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: No especificado
Oliver Cowdery (testigo), parafraseado en noticiero hostil 09 de abril 1831
Durante el juicio se demostró que el Libro de Mormón fue traído a luz por el mismo poder mágico por el cual fingió adivinar el futuro, descubrir tesoros ocultos, & c. Oliver Cowdry, uno de los tres testigos del libro, testificó bajo juramento, que el mencionado Smith encontró con las planchas, de las que tradujo su libro, dos piedras transparentes, asemejándose a cristal, situadas en aros de plata. Que al mirar a través de las mismas, él era capaz de leer en Inglés, los formados carácteres egipcios, los cuales estaban grabados en las planchas.
Allí acaba el don y el poder de Dios, por el que Smith dice que tradujo su libro. Dos piedras transparentes, sin duda de las mismas características, y el don del mismo espíritu que aquel en el que miraba para encontrar bienes de su prójimo.[60]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Dos piedras transparentes con planchas; distinguidas de la piedra vidente o piedra "atisbadora".
- Método: Mirar por en medio de las piedras
Noticiero hostil alrededor de Mayo 1831
Él [José] tiene una traducción de 10 años que hacer; mira en una pequeña piedra que tiene, y allí lee la voluntad del Señor y lo escribe para el bien de sus semejantes.[61]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Una piedra; No está claro si esto es la traducción del Libro de Mormón o de otra revelación
- Método: No especificado
Ezra Booth (no era testigo ocular) 27 de octubre 1831
Así también al traducir.-El objeto está delante de sus ojos ya imprimido, pero no importa si sus ojos están abiertos o cerrados; él puede ver tanto bien de una forma como puede ver de otra ....
Estos tesoros fueron descubiertos desde hace varios años ya que, a través del cristal oscuro, con el cual Smith dice que tradujo la mayor parte del Libro de Mormón.[62]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: "cristal oscuro" (Un variante de una "piedra atisbadora"?)
- Método: Ojos abiertos o cerrados
Cuenta de noticias hostil 18 de noviembre 1831
El predicador dijo que él [José] encontró en el mismo lugar dos piedras, con las cuales él fue permitido al colocarlas sobre los ojos y poner su cabeza en un rincón oscuro, a decifrar los jeroglíficos en las planchas![63]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Dos piedras (intérpretes nefitas)
- Método: Colocarlas sobre los ojos, en la oscuridad.
Nancy Towle - un crítico visitante 1832
En consecuencia se fue; y fue dirigido por el ángel a un cierto lunar de tierra, donde estaba depositada una "Caja" - [138] y en esa caja eran contenidas unas "Planchas", que parecían de oro; también, un par de "intérpretes" (como él los llamaba,) que se parecían a gafas; que al mirar en medio de ellos, podía leer un escrito grabado en las planchas, aunque a él mismo, en una lengua desconocida.[64]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Par de intérpretes / gafas
- Método: Capaz de leer la escritura grabada en las planchas.
Noticiero del 07 de marzo 1832
Smith con la ayuda divina, pudo traducir las planchas...[65]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: la ayuda Divina
Noticiero de misionero SUD [Lyman Johnson y Arson (Orson?) Pratt] enseñanzas 14 de abril 1832
Dios por su bondad inspiró al mismo Smith a traducirlo todo.-Smith, sin embargo, no siendo calificado para escribir, empleó un amanuense, que escribió por él....[66]
- Escriba: Mencionado, pero ningún individuo
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: La inspiración divina
Noticiero hostil 10 de octubre 1832
Una ligera excavación de la tierra, le permitió llegar a esta nueva revelación, escrita en carácteres misteriosos, sobre planchas de oro. Un par de gafas, de construcción extraña y peculiar se encontraron con las planchas, para ayudar la óptica del profeta....[67]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: La inspiración divina
Informe de un libro hostil 1833
él encontró un libro con broches y cubierta dorados, y un par de gafas montadas con elegancia, algo pasado de moda para estar seguro, pero lupas asombrosas y poseyendo cualidades que podrían confudirle al Sr. David Brewster para que explicara los principios ópticos.
Smith tuvo algunas dificultades en deshacer los corchetes de este precioso volumen, mas al abrirlo, aunque sus ojos estaban bien, parecía contener nada salvo el papel en blanco. Entonces se le ocurrió ponerse sus gafas, cuando he aquí! todo el volumen se llenó de ciertas figuras y garabatos ininteligibles para él. Encantado con su buena fortuna, Smith caminó a casa con el volumen en el bolsillo y las gafas sobre la nariz, feliz como bibliómano que ha tenido la suerte de comprar un Editio princeps [primera edición] "barrato como un perro" que es un poco raro del titular ignorante de un oscuro puesto de libros. Al llegar a su casa, su primera inquietud fue asegurar sus tesoros milagrosos de la observación profana; su segunda, copiar una página o dos de los carácteres, y buscar un intérprete. Su búsqueda fue infructuosa por mucho tiempo, pero, al fin, él encontrón precisamente los dos individuos que eran calificados conjuntamente para el oficio. Uno de estos señores poseían la facultad de leer los jeroglíficos, y el otro la interpretación ....[68]
- Scribe: No especificado & mdash; ten en cuenta que incluso no se dice que José es el traductor
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: "Traducción" por otros
Phelps: The Evening and The Morning Star 1:58: a través de la ayuda de un par de Intérpretes o gafas- (conocidos, tal vez, en los días antiguos como Terafim o Urim y Tumim
W.W. Phelps escribió lo siguiente en la edición Enero 1833 de The Evening and Morning Star (La Estrella de la Noche y Mañana)
El libro de Mormón, como una revelación de Dios, posee alguna ventaja sobre la escritura vieja: no ha sido tergiversado por la sabiduría del hombre, con una palabra itálica aquí y allá como para proporcionar deficiencias.-Fue traducido por el don y el poder de Dios, por un hombre indocto, por la ayuda de un par de Intérpretes, o gafas-(tal vez, quizás, conocidos en los días antiguos como Terafim o Urim y Tumim) y mientras desarolla la historia de los primeros habitantes de este continente, a la vez, proporciona unidad a la escritura, como los días de los apóstoles; y abre y explica las profecías, que un niño puede entender el significado de muchas de ellas; y muestra la manera en que el Señor juntará a sus santos, aun los hijos de Israel, que han sido esparcidos por toda la faz de la tierra, más de dos mil años, en estos últimos días, para alzar el nombre del Señor de los ejércitos, el monte de Sion. [69]
Parece que denominaban la piedra vidente el "Urim y Tumim" también después de 1833, cual indica que el nombre se le podría asignar a cualquier aparato que se usaba para el propósito de traducción
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas / Intérpretes—"tal vez" el Terafim o Urim y Tumim [primera asociación de las piedras nefitas con el Urim y Tumim ?]
- Método: Por el don y el poder de Dios
José Smith (testigo ocular) en American Revivalist (Revivalista Americana) y Rochester Observer (Observante de Rochester) - 02 de febrero 1833
habiendo sido encontrado a través de la ministración de un santo ángel, traducido a nuestro idioma por el don y el poder de Dios ....[70]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: Por el don y el poder de Dios
Noticiero hostil 07 de marzo 1833
se decía que las planchas de oro ser grabadas en un idioma que nadie más que Smith sabía leer y que un ángel le dio un par de gafas que él ponía en un sombrero y así leía y traducía, mientras uno de los testigos lo escribía de su boca....[71]
- Escriba: Múltiples; más tarde se identifica "Oliver Powdery" [sic] como "el escriba".
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
Noticiero hostil mayo 1833
Tienen su propia revelación, que, afirman, se le dio a la gente de este continente, (los indios,) en las planchas, y fue depositada en la tierra, y se mantuvieron ocultos en la tierra del Señor, hasta el cumplimiento de su tiempo, que ahora se ha logrado, y para probar que José Smith es ese maravilloso profeta, a quien estos maravillosos planchas y sus profundos misterios [263] deben ser revelados, recitan el capítulo 29 de Isaías, diciendo que el profeta Smith es el hombre indocto, a quien se le dio el libro para leer, y dijo no puedo, porque yo soy indocto! Pero esta dificultad se eliminó luego por el espíritu que vino sobre él, y lo bendijo con el don de lenguas. El libro entonces estaba claramente abierto a su comprensión, y lo tradujo a uno de los testigos, que lo escribió en nuestro idioma.[72]
- Escriba: "uno de los testigos"
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: "espíritu ... lo bendijo con el don de lenguas"
Eber D. Howe (no-testigo), parafraseando a Martin Harris (testigo) en Mormonism Unvailed (El Mormonismo Descubierto)
[Martin Harris] dice que escribió una parte considerable del libro, a medida que Smith dictaba, y al mismo tiempo la presencia del Señor era tan grande, que una pantalla (sábana) se colgaba entre él y el Profeta; en otras ocasiones el Profeta se sentaba en una habitación diferente, o subía escaleras, mientras el Señor le estaba comunicando a él el contenido de las planchas. No finge que alguna vez vio las planchas maravillosas sino una vez, aunque él y Smith se dedicaban durante meses en descifrar su contenido.[32]:14 [73]
- Escriba: Martin Harris
- Cortina: Presente
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: No especificado. Se menciona que entraba diferentes habitaciones o subía las escaleras. También se menciona que las planchas no estaban presentes.
Charles Anthon (no testigo ocular), en Mormonism Unvailed (El Mormonismo Descubierto)
Este joven se colocaba detrás de una cortina, en el desván de una casa de la granja, y, estando así ocultado a la vista, se ponía las gafas de vez en cuando, o más bien, miraba por en medio de una de las gafas, descifraba los caracteres en el libro, y, habiendo cometido algunos de ellos al papel, entregaba copias desde atrás de la cortina, a los que estaban en el exterior. Ni una palabra, sin embargo, se dijo sobre las planchas y su haber sido descifrados "por el don de Dios: 'Toda cosa, de esta manera, fue afectada por el gran par de gafas.[32]:270 [74]
- Escriba: Martin Harris
- Cortina: Presente
- Instrumento: Intérpretes nefitas ("gafas", "gran par de gafas")
- Método: "miraba por en medio de una de las gafas"
Isaac Hale (testigo ocular), Mormonism Unvailed (El Mormonismo Descubierto)
Yo les dije, que yo consideraba la totalidad de ello una ilusión, y les aconsejé que lo abandonaran. ¡La manera en que él fingió leer e interpretar, era la misma que cuando buscaba por los cazadores de tesoros, con la piedra en el sombrero y el sombrero sobre su cara, mientras que el Libro de Planchas estaba al mismo tiempo ocultado en los bosques![32]:265
- Escriba: No identificado
- Cortina: No se menciona
- Instrumento: Piedra
- Método: Colocaba la piedra en el sombrero
Charles Anthon parafraseando a Martin Harris (testigo ocular) Mormonism Unvailed (El Mormonismo Descubierto)
Un "libro de oro", que consiste en una serie de planchas de oro, atado junto en forma de un libro por cables del mismo metal, había sido desenterrado en la parte norte del estado de Nueva York, y junto con el libro un enorme par de ", gafas de oro "! Estas gafas eran tan grandes, que, si una persona tratara de mirar en medio de ellos, sus dos ojos tendrían que mirar hacia una de ellas simplemente, las gafas en cuestión son en conjunto demasiado grandes para el ancho de la cara humana. El que examinó las planchas a través de las gafas, fue permitido no sólo leer , sino entender su significado totalmente. Todo este conocimiento, sin embargo, fue confinado en ese momento a un joven, que tenía el tronco que contiene el libro y las gafas en su posesión exclusiva. Este joven se colocaba detrás de una cortina, en el desván de una [270] casa de la granja, y, estando ocultado a la vista, se ponía las gafas de vez en cuando, o más bien, miraba a través de una de las gafas, decifraba los carácteres en el libro y, después de haber cometido algunos de ellos al papel, entregaba copias desde atrás de la cortina, a los que estaban en el exterior. Ni una palabra, sin embargo, se dijo sobre las planchas y su haber sido decifradas "por el don de Dios." Toda cosa, de esta manera, fue afectada por el gran par de gafas.[32]:269 [75]
- Escriba: José Smith
- Cortina: Presentar
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: Mirar a través de las gafas, no un proceso divino
[Ten en cuenta que este comentario se habría derivado de antes del proceso formal de traducción, y probablemente refleja solamente el acto de José de copiar los carácteres para que pudieran llevarse a Harris acompañados por su interpretación.]
Mormonism Unvailed (El Mormonismo Descubierto) - 1834
Ellos al mismo tiempo revelaron que, junto con las planchas, un gran par de gafas de plata fue encontrado, del todo demasiado grandes para la raza presente de los hombres, pero que era para ser utilizado, sin embargo, en la traducción de las planchas. [17] La traducción finalmente comenzó. Se averiguó que contenían un idioma ahora desconocido sobre la tierra, que ellos denominan "caracteres de egipcio reformado." Las planchas, por lo tanto, de las cuales se había hablado tanto, resultaron ser de ningún uso. Después de todo, el Señor mostró y le comunicó cada palabra y la letra del libro. En vez de mirar los carácteres inscritos sobre las planchas, el profeta se vio obligado a recurrir a la "piedra atisbadora" vieja, que él utilizaba antiguamente en la excavación de dinero. Esta la colocaba en un sombrero, o una caja, en los que también metió la cara. A través de la piedra solo podía en ese entonces descubrir una sola palabra a la vez, que repetía en voz alta a su amanuense, quien la cometía al papel, cuando otra palabra aparecía de inmediato, y así la actuación continuaba hasta el final del libro.[32]:16-17
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Piedra Vidente
- Método: Situada en el sombrero o caja
- Planchas: No las miraba directamente
Otro relato que dan de la transacción, es, que se realizó con las gafas grandes mencionadas antes, y que eran, de hecho, idénticas a los Urim y Thumim mencionados en Éxodo 28-30, y fueron llevadas lejos de Jerusalén por los héroes del libro, transmitidas de una generación a otra, y finalmente enterradas en el condado de Ontario, desde hace unos quince siglos, para permitir a Smith a traducir las planchas sin mirarlas! [32]:17
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: No especificado
Pero Don Quijote le dijo a su escudero Sancho, que gran fortuna estaba a menudo muy cerca, cuando menos lo esperábamos; así fue con Smith en excavar tesoros — las famosas planchas de bronce, las gafas de oro y la piedra intérprete fueron encontrados, tal vez, cuando él menos lo esperaba[32]:54
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas y piedra
- Método: No especificado
Se nos informa que Smith utilizaba una piedra en un sombrero, con el fin de traducir las planchas. Las gafas y las planchas fueron encontradas juntas, pero se le quitaron y se escondieron de nuevo antes de que él había traducido una palabra, y nunca los ha visto desde entonces, esta es la propia historia de Smith. Pidamos, ¿de qué uso han sido las planchas o las gafas, cuando en ningún sentido han sido utilizados? O a que equivale el testimonio de Martin Harris, Oliver Cowdery y David Whitmer?
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Piedra; "gafas" que no se utilizaban para nada
- Método: Piedra en el sombrero con las planchas ausentes.
Noticiero hostil enero 1834
Pero, por el poder especial del Espíritu, a Smith se le permitió traducirlas.[76]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: No especificado
- Método: "poder especial del Espíritu"
- Planchas: No especificado
Noticiero hostil 04 de junio 1834
En el año 1828, de un tal José Smith, un joven analfabeto, incapaz de leer su propio nombre, de Palmyra, Condado de Wayne, Nueva York, se informó que había encontrado varias planchas de oro, juntas con un par de gafas, reliquías de gran antigüedad . Las gafas fueron diseñadas para ayudar a la visión mental, en circunstancias bastante peculiares. Tenían que ser ajustadas, y el rostro metido de cerca en un sombrero. ¡Este tipo Smith podía interpretar los misterios sagrados de las planchas, en las cuales yacen, por la hipótesis, en la parte superior del sombrero![77]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Gafas
- Método: Gafas en el sombrero
- Planchas: No especificado
Oliver Cowdery (testigo ocular) 07 de septiembre 1834
Estos días nunca eran de olvidarse—sentarse bajo el sonido de una voz dictada por la inspiración del cielo despertaba la más profunda gratitud de este pecho! Día tras día yo seguía, ininterrumpido, a escribir de su boca, mientras traducía, con el Urim y Tumim , o, como los nefitas habrían dicho, "Intérpretes", la historia, o registro, llamado "El libro de Mormón ".[78]
- Escriba: No especificado
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Urim y Tumim ("intérpretes")
- Método: No especificado; tampoco se especifica si las planchas eran de algún uso.
Noticiero hostil - 1834-1835
Este famoso libro, que sus seguidores torpes consideran como una segunda Biblia, o más correctamente como los mahometanos consideran el Corán, se dice que es una traducción de algunas planchas de bronce, encontradas por un tal José Smith, en la ciudad de Palmira, (NY) en 1826. Fueron encerradas en una caja, que había al parecer sido utilizada para el vidrio de ventana en tamaño común. Smith fingió interpretarlas, con una piedra en el sombrero, y este sombrero sobre rostro, mientras un Martin Harris fue contratado para escribir el contenido [al paso de] su dictación.[79]
- Escriba: Martin Harris (más tarde menciona a Cowdery)
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Piedra
- Método: Piedra en el sombrero
- Planchas: Presencia no especificada; caja de planchas 'implicada ser de origen moderno; se dice que las planchas que son "de bronce"—esta fuente claramente está ofuscando al menos algo de la historia.
W.W. Phelps a Oliver Cowdery - febrero 1835
La primera es donde te sentabas día tras día y escribías la historia de la segunda raza que habitaba este continente, como las palabras se te repetían por el profeta del Señor, a través de la ayuda de la "Urim y Thumim," "Intérepretes nefitas,"o Gafas Divinas. Pues cuando escribiste el libro de Mormón, que contiene la plenitud del Evangelio al mundo, y el convenio de reunir a Israel, por última vez, así como la historia de los indios, que, hasta entonces, no tenía ni origen entre los hombres, ni los registros en medio de la luz y el conocimiento del gran siglo 19.[80]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Intérpretes / Gafas / Urim y Tumim
- Método: No especificado
- Planchas: No especificado
Noticiero hostil marzo 1835
Smith fingió que había encontrado algunas planchas de oro o de bronce, como las hojas de un libro, escondidas en una caja en la tierra, a la cual fue dirigido por un ángel, en 1827, -que la escritura en ellos estaba en el "la lengua del egipcio reformado"- que fue inspirado a interpretar la escritura, o grabado, al poner una plancha en su sombrero, colocando dos piedras planas y lisas, que él encontró en la caja, en el sombrero, y meter su cara en él—que él no podía escribir, pero mientras traducía, un Oliver Cowdry lo escribía.[81]
- Escriba: Oliver Cowdery
- Cortina: No especificado
- Instrumento: Dos piedras encontradas con planchas (intérpretes?)
- Método: Piedras en el sombrero con una plancha. Las planchas se colocaban en el sombrero
Notas
- ↑ “Golden Bible,” Rochester Advertiser and Daily Telegraph (New York) (31 August 1829). Reprinted from Palmyra Freeman, 11 August 1829. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ "Golden Bible," Rochester (NY) Gem 1 (5 September 1829): 70; cited in Dan Vogel (editor), Early Mormon Documents (Salt Lake City, Signature Books, 1996–2003), 5 vols, 2:272.
- ↑ C. C. Blatchley, “Caution Against the Golden Bible,” New-York Telescope 6, no. 38 (20 February 1830): 150. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ Plantilla:CriticalWork:Reflector:27 febrero 1830
- ↑ Plantilla:CriticalWork:Cincinnati Advertiser:2 junio 1830
- ↑ Plantilla:CriticalWork:Reflector:12 junio 1830
- ↑ “The Book of Pukei.—Chap. 2,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 3d series, no. 8 (7 July 1830): 60.
- ↑ Plantilla:CriticalWork:Reflector:28 agosto 1830
- ↑ Plantilla:CriticalWork:Painsville Telegraph:16 noviembre 1830:Golden Bible
- ↑ A.S., “The Golden Bible, or, Campbellism Improved,” Observer and Telegraph (Hudson, Ohio) (18 November 1830).
- ↑ [cita requerida] 20.nov.1830
- ↑ [cita requerida] 4 diciembre 1830
- ↑ 8 diciembre 1830 [cita requerida]
- ↑ [cita requerida] 14.dec.1830
- ↑ “Delusion,” The Jesuit or Catholic Sentinel (Boston, Massachusetts) (18 December 1830): 125. Reprinted from Geauga Gazette (Ohio) circa November 1830.
- ↑ Alexander Campbell, Delusions (Boston: Benjamin H. Greene, 1832), p. 89, 92, 94 of original; originally published in Millennial Harbinger 2 (7 February 1831): 85–96. off-site (Inglés) O. Cowdery reply #1 #2 Full title
- ↑ David S. Burnett, “Something New.—The Golden Bible,” Evangelical Inquirer (Dayton, Ohio) 1, no. 10 (7 March 1831): 217–19.
- ↑ “Gold Bible, No. 6,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 2, no. 16 (19 March 1831), xxx. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ A.W.B., “Mormonites,” Evangelical Magazine and Gospel Advocate (Utica, New York) 2, no. 15 (9 April 1831): 120.
- ↑ “The Mormon Delusion,” Baptist Chronicle and Literary Register (Georgetown, Kentucky) 2, no. 9 (September 1831): 135–36. Reprinted from Hampshire Gazette (circa May 1831), and the Vermont Chronicle.
- ↑ “Mormonism—No. III,” Ezra Booth to Rev. I. Eddy, 24 October 1831 Ohio Star (Ravenna, Ohio) (27 October 1831). off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “The Mormonites,” Christian Intelligencer and Eastern Chronicle (Gardiner, Maine) (18 November 1831): 184. Reprinted from Illinois Patriot (Jacksonville, Illinois) (16 September 1831).
- ↑ Nancy Towle, Vicissitudes Illustrated in the Experience of Nancy Towle in Europe and America(Charleston: For the Authoress, 1832), 137–47.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Fredonia Censor (New York) (7 March 1832). Reprinted from the Franklin Democrat (Pennsylvania) circa March 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “The Orators of Mormon,” Catholic Telegraph (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1 (14 April 1832): 204–5. Reprinted from Mercer Press (Pennsylvania), circa April 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Boston Recorder (Boston, Massachusetts) 17, no. 41 (10 October 1832). Reprinted from Lockport Balance (New York), circa September 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ Thomas Hamilton, Men and Manners in America (Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 1833), 364–65.
- ↑ "The Book of Mormon," The Evening and the Morning Star 1 no. 8 (January 1833), [57–59]. off-site (Inglés) GospeLink
- ↑ [Communication from Joseph Smith, Jr.,] “Mormonism,” The American Revivalist and Rochester Observer (Rochester, New York) 7, no. 6 (2 February 1833). off-site (Inglés)]
Only the last two paragraphs of Joseph’s letter to the newspaper were printed. The entire letter appeared eleven years later in the November 15, 1844 issue of the Times and Seasons. - ↑ David Marks, [Untitled Remarks on Mormonism], Morning Star (Limerick, Maine) 7, no. 45 (7 March 1833): 177.
- ↑ “Mormonites,” Gospel Luminary 6, no. 8 (May 1833): 263–65.
- ↑ 32,00 32,01 32,02 32,03 32,04 32,05 32,06 32,07 32,08 32,09 32,10 32,11 32,12 32,13 Eber D. Howe, Mormonism Unvailed (Painesville, OH, 1834). (Affidavits examined)
- ↑ Based on reports by Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.
- ↑ Here, Howe reprints a letter, dated February 17, 1834, written by Charles Anthon.
- ↑ Statement made by Isaac Hale, Joseph Smith's father-in-law.
- ↑ Jason Whitman, “The Book of Mormon,” The Unitarian (Boston) 1 (January 1834): 39.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Protestant Sentinel (Schenectady, New York) n.s. 5, no. 1 (4 June 1834): 4–5. Reprinted from New England Review, circa May 1834.
- ↑ "Oliver Cowdery to W.W. Phelps, 7 September 1834," Latter Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate 1 no. 1 (October 1834), 13–16.
- ↑ J. Newton Brown, “Mormonites,” Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (Boston: Shattuck & Company, 1835), xxx. Reprinted from Cross and Baptist Journal, Fall 1834. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ W. W. Phelps to Oliver Cowdery, Christmas 1834, "Letter No. 4," Latter Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate 1 no. 5 (February 1835), 65-67.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” New York Weekly Messenger and Young Men’s Advocate (29 April 1835). Reprinted from The Pioneer (Rock Springs, Illinois), March 1835. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “Golden Bible,” Rochester Advertiser and Daily Telegraph (New York) (31 August 1829). Reprinted from Palmyra Freeman, 11 August 1829. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ "Golden Bible," Rochester (NY) Gem 1 (5 September 1829): 70; cited in Dan Vogel (editor), Early Mormon Documents (Salt Lake City, Signature Books, 1996–2003), 5 vols, 2:272.
- ↑ C. C. Blatchley, “Caution Against the Golden Bible,” New-York Telescope 6, no. 38 (20 February 1830): 150. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “Diabolical,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) new series, no. 8 (27 February 1830): xxx. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ Cincinnati Advertiser and Ohio Phoenix (2 June 1830). Reprinted from Wayne County Inquirer, Pennsylvania, circa May 1830. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “The Book of Pukei.—Chap. I,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 3d series, no. 5 (12 June 1830): 36–37.
- ↑ “The Book of Pukei.—Chap. 2,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 3d series, no. 8 (7 July 1830): 60.
- ↑ “Every thing in this world . . .,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 3d series, no. 14 (28 August 1830): 108–9.
- ↑ “The Golden Bible,” Painesville Telegraph (Ohio) (16 November 1830).
- ↑ A.S., “The Golden Bible, or, Campbellism Improved,” Observer and Telegraph (Hudson, Ohio) (18 November 1830).
- ↑ [cita requerida] 20.nov.1830
- ↑ [cita requerida] 4.dec.1830
- ↑ 8.dec.1830
- ↑ 14.dic.1830
- ↑ “Delusion,” The Jesuit or Catholic Sentinel (Boston, Massachusetts) (18 December 1830): 125. Reprinted from Geauga Gazette (Ohio) circa November 1830.
- ↑ Alexander Campbell, Delusions (Boston: Benjamin H. Greene, 1832), p. 89, 92, 94 of original; originally published in Millennial Harbinger 2 (7 February 1831): 85–96. off-site (Inglés) O. Cowdery reply #1 #2 Full title
- ↑ David S. Burnett, “Something New.—The Golden Bible,” Evangelical Inquirer (Dayton, Ohio) 1, no. 10 (7 March 1831): 217–19.
- ↑ “Gold Bible, No. 6,” The Reflector (Palmyra, New York) 2, no. 16 (19 March 1831), xxx. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ A.W.B., “Mormonites,” Evangelical Magazine and Gospel Advocate (Utica, New York) 2, no. 15 (9 April 1831): 120.
- ↑ “The Mormon Delusion,” Baptist Chronicle and Literary Register (Georgetown, Kentucky) 2, no. 9 (September 1831): 135–36. Reprinted from Hampshire Gazette (circa May 1831), and the Vermont Chronicle.
- ↑ “Mormonism—No. III,” Ezra Booth to Rev. I. Eddy, 24 October 1831 Ohio Star (Ravenna, Ohio) (27 October 1831). off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “The Mormonites,” Christian Intelligencer and Eastern Chronicle (Gardiner, Maine) (18 November 1831): 184. Reprinted from Illinois Patriot (Jacksonville, Illinois) (16 September 1831).
- ↑ Nancy Towle, Vicissitudes Illustrated in the Experience of Nancy Towle in Europe and America(Charleston: For the Authoress, 1832), 137–47.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Fredonia Censor (New York) (7 March 1832). Reprinted from the Franklin Democrat (Pennsylvania) circa March 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “The Orators of Mormon,” Catholic Telegraph (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1 (14 April 1832): 204–5. Reprinted from Mercer Press (Pennsylvania), circa April 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Boston Recorder (Boston, Massachusetts) 17, no. 41 (10 October 1832). Reprinted from Lockport Balance (New York), circa September 1832. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ Thomas Hamilton, Men and Manners in America (Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 1833), 364–65.
- ↑ W.W. Phelps, "The Book of Mormon," (El Libro de Mormón) — The Evening and Morning Star (La Estrella de la Noche y la Mañana) 1:58.
- ↑ [Communication from Joseph Smith, Jr.,] “Mormonism,” The American Revivalist and Rochester Observer (Rochester, New York) 7, no. 6 (2 February 1833). off-site (Inglés)]
Only the last two paragraphs of Joseph’s letter to the newspaper were printed. The entire letter appeared eleven years later in the November 15, 1844 issue of the Times and Seasons. - ↑ David Marks, [Untitled Remarks on Mormonism], Morning Star (Limerick, Maine) 7, no. 45 (7 March 1833): 177.
- ↑ “Mormonites,” Gospel Luminary 6, no. 8 (May 1833): 263–65.
- ↑ Basado en los reportes de Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.
- ↑ Aquí, Howe reimprime una carta, fechada al 17 de febrero, 1834, escrita por Charles Anthon.
- ↑ Declaración hecha por Isaac Hale, el suegro de José Smith.
- ↑ Jason Whitman, “The Book of Mormon,” The Unitarian (Boston) 1 (January 1834): 39.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” Protestant Sentinel (Schenectady, New York) n.s. 5, no. 1 (4 June 1834): 4–5. Reprinted from New England Review, circa May 1834.
- ↑ "Oliver Cowdery to W.W. Phelps, 7 September 1834," Latter Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate 1 no. 1 (October 1834), 13–16.
- ↑ J. Newton Brown, “Mormonites,” Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (Boston: Shattuck & Company, 1835), xxx. Reprinted from Cross and Baptist Journal, Fall 1834. off-site (Inglés)
- ↑ W. W. Phelps to Oliver Cowdery, Christmas 1834, "Letter No. 4," Latter Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate 1 no. 5 (February 1835), 65-67.
- ↑ “Mormonism,” New York Weekly Messenger and Young Men’s Advocate (29 April 1835). Reprinted from The Pioneer (Rock Springs, Illinois), March 1835. off-site (Inglés)