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| | + | {{:Pergunta: Por que Joseph Smith diz em sua 1832 Primeira Visão relato que eu estava em seu "16 anos" de idade?}} |
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| − | In Joseph Smith's 1832 First Vision recital he said that he was "in the 16th year of [his] age" when the manifestation took place but when he created the 1838 account he changed this information to say that he was "in [his] fifteenth year."
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| − | *Is this evidence that the Prophet's story evolved over time, and was thus a fabrication to begin with?
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| − | The only First Vision account that provided a different age was the 1832 account written in Joseph Smith's own handwriting. In 1832, 12 years ''after'' the First Vision, Joseph wrote, "we were deprived of the bennifit of an education suffice it to say I was mearly instructid in reading and writing and the ground rules of Arithmatic which constuted my whole literary acquirements."
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| − | Although the portion of Joseph's 1832 history is in his own handwriting, the text insertion of "in the 16th year of my age" was in the handwriting of Frederick G. Williams, Joseph's scribe. It is likely that Joseph's dating schemes were slightly off when he dictated his age to Williams, many years after-the-fact. There is nothing nefarious in Joseph Smith correcting his own slight mathematical miscalculations.
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| − | Two years later, Oliver Cowdery had Joseph's 1832 history in his possession when he began publishing history of the Church in late 1834 in the ''Latter-day Saints' Messenger and Advocate''. Oliver clearly established Joseph's age as 14 ("the 15th year of his life") during the period of religious excitement (although Oliver ultimately [[Joseph Smith's First Vision/Accounts/Oliver Cowdery not aware of First Vision in 1834-35|never described the actual First Vision at this time]]). Once the date of the First Vision was correctly established it remained steady throughout all subsequent recitals as the "15th year" or "age 14."
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| − | ===Are the ages stated in Joseph's accounts of the First Vision "all over the place?"===
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| − | The ages are not, as one critic states, "all over the place." <ref>Jeremy Runnells, "Letter to a CES Director".</ref> The only account produced by Joseph Smith that indicated a different age was the 1832 account (age 15 rather than 14, based upon a text insertion above the line by Frederick G. Williams after Joseph had already written his account). All remaining accounts indicate age 14 (the "15th" year).
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| − | ===The only account showing a different age is the 1832 account, which states age 15 rather than 14===
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| − | In the 1832 account, Frederick G. Williams inserted the "in the 16th year of my age" above Joseph's text ''after'' Joseph had already written it. (See: [http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/history-circa-summer-1832?dm=image-and-text&zm=zoom-inner&tm=expanded&p=3&s=undefined&sm=none "History, circa Summer 1832,"] ''The Joseph Smith Papers'')
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| − | [[File:1832.account.16th.year.png|800px|thumb|center]]
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| − | The 'one-year-off-the mark' dating anomaly of the 1832 First Vision account can best be understood by taking a look at all of the dates and time frame indicators that are provided within the document. It can then be seen that the farther back in time Joseph Smith goes, the more inexact his dating scheme becomes.
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| − | Notice that the date of the First Vision is an above-the-line insertion in the handwriting of Frederick G. Williams, meaning that it was not placed in the text initially but was added at a later time than the creation of the main text.
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| − | ('''17 years back in time''')
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| − | ::"at the age of <font color="blue">about</font> ten years my father Joseph Smith Sr. moved to Palmyra" <font color="red">[23 Dec. 1815 – 23 Dec. 1816]</font>
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| − | ('''15 years back in time''')
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| − | ::"At <font color="blue">about</font> the age of twelve years my mind become seriously impressed" <font color="red">[23 Dec. 1817 – 23 Dec. 1818]</font>
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| − | ('''12 years back in time''')
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| − | ::"from the age of twelve years to fifteen I pondered many things in my heart" <font color="red">[23 Dec. 1817 – 23 Dec. 1821]</font>
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| − | ::"while in <the> attitude of calling upon the Lord <in the 16th year of my age> a pillar of fire" <font color="red">[23 Dec. 1820 – 23 Dec. 1821]</font>
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| − | ::"for <font color="blue">many days</font>"
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| − | ::"<font color="blue">about</font> that time"
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| − | ::"after <font color="blue">many days</font>"
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| − | ('''7 years back in time''')
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| − | ::"when I was seventeen years of age I called again upon the Lord . . . [and an] angel [appeared]. . . . it was on the 22d day of Sept. AD 1822"
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| − | ('''5 years back in time''')
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| − | ::"the plates [I] obtained them not until I was twenty one years of age"
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| − | ::"in this year I was married . . . 18th [of] January AD 1827"
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| − | ::"on the 22d day of Sept of this same year I obtained the plates"
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| − | ::"in December following we moved to Susquehanna"
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| − | Particular attention should be focused on the fact that even though Joseph Smith correctly stated that he was "seventeen years of age" when the angel Moroni appeared to him on 22 September 1823, he got the time of that manifestation wrong by one year. A clue as to why this incorrect date was placed by the Prophet in this historical account can be found right in the 1832 document itself. Near the beginning of the narrative Joseph writes: “being in indigent circumstances [we] were obliged to labor hard for the support of a large family having nine children. And as it required the exertions of all that were able to render any assistance for the support of the family therefore we were deprived of the benefit of an education. Suffice it to say [that] I was merely instructed in reading and writing and '''the ground <rules> of arithmetic''' which constituted my whole literary acquirements”. Elder Orson Pratt once asked rhetorical questions of the Prophet to illustrate his meager level of formal education: "Had you been to college? No. Had you studied in any seminary of learning? No. Did you know how to read? Yes. How to write? Yes. '''Did you understand much about arithmetic? No'''. About grammar? No. Did you understand all the branches of education which are generally taught in our common schools? No." (''Journal of Discourses'', 7:220-21). And when Elder Pratt wrote specifically about the First Vision he was even more specific about the level of the Prophet's math skills, saying that he had "'''a very limited understanding of the elementary rules of arithmetic'''." (Orson Pratt, ''An Interesting Account of Several Remarkable Visions'' [Edinburgh, Scotland: Ballantyne and Hughes, 1840], ---).
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| − | The 1832 history is not the only one where the Prophet made a dating mistake that was one year off the mark. He did the same thing when he created the 1838 Church history, but this time he got the year of his own brother's death wrong. He erroneously remembered that it was 1824 instead of 1823. The significant thing about this particular dating blunder is that four years after the Prophet recorded the initial information he came to the realization that it was not correct and had his scribe, Willard Richards, make the appropriate adjustment. Perhaps the problem with the date was brought to the Prophet's attention by a member of his own family after the information had been printed and made available for public perusal [publication in May 1842; correction in December 1842].
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| − | '''Initial Manuscript Record (2 May 1838)'''
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| − | :"Alvin (who is now dead)"
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| − | :"In the year Eighteen hundred and twenty four my fathers family met with a great affliction by the death of my eldest brother Alvin."
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| − | '''Publication ( 15 March 1842 / 2 May 1842)'''
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| − | :"Alvin, (who is now dead)" (''Times and Seasons'', vol. 3, no. 10, 15 March 1842, 727).
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| − | :"In the year eighteen hundred and twenty-four my father's family met with a great affliction by the death of my eldest brother Alvin." (''Times and Seasons'', vol. 3, no. 13, 2 May 1842, 772).
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| − | '''Post-Publication Manuscript Correction (2 December 1842)'''
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| − | :"Alvin (who <died Nov. 19th: 1823 in the 25 year of his age.> is now dead)" [the last three words are stricken out]
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| − | :"In the year Eighteen hundred and twenty four my fathers family met with a great affliction by the death of my eldest brother Alvin." [this year designation was not corrected by Willard Richards - whose editorial additions and notes end before this point in the manuscript]
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| − | A similar type of dating correction scenario, as mentioned above, may have taken place in connection with the 1832 history. Oliver Cowdery claimed that he had the Prophet's help in creating his December 1834 Church history article and despite the fact that he had the erroneously-dated 1832 document sitting in front of him [see paper on this subject] he provided the correct year for the Prophet's First Vision - "'''in''' the 15th year of his life" (i.e., between 23 December 1819 and 23 December 1820). And just nine months later the Prophet himself was telling a non-Mormon that the First Vision took place when he was "about 14 years old" (Joseph Smith diary, 9 November 1835).
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| − | ===One case in which the age in an 1835 account was mistakenly stated as age 17===
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| − | An image from "mormoninfographics" is in circulation on the internet which mistakenly states that Joseph claimed that he was age 17 when the First Vision occurred. However, this was a misreading of Joseph Smith's 1835 journal entry, which clearly states that Joseph was age 14 at the time of the first vision, and age 17 at the time of Moroni's visit.
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| − | [[File:Mormoninfographic.first.vision.errors.2.jpg|800px|thumb|center|An anti-Mormon "mormoninfographic" which attempts to demonstrate that the ages of the first vision accounts are different. Since this was posted, the owner of "mormoninfographics" acknowledged and corrected this mistake by removing all of the ages from this particular graphic. <ref>"I am the owner and main contributor to mormoninfographics.com I wanted to thank you or whoever for pointing out the error I had in the 1835 Jewish Minister account. I had mistakenly labeled his age as 17. This has since been corrected. I apologize for the error and welcome any and all input on this or any other infographic. Thank you." (Posted by bjpascoal, on 20 June 2013 - 08:35 PM on ''Mormon Dialogue and Discussion Board'') {{link|url=http://www.mormondialogue.org/topic/61036-the-latest-anti-mormon-deception-futuremissionarycom/page__st__140#entry1209271086}} The author of "A Letter to a CES Director" subsequently corrected the graphic in the copy of the letter hosted on his site.</ref>]]
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No relato de 1832, Frederick G. Williams inserido o "no 16º ano da minha idade" acima do texto de Joseph depois José tinha já escrito. (Vejo: "History, circa Summer 1832," The Joseph Smith Papers)
Em 1832 de Joseph Smith A Primeira Visão considerando ele disse que estava "no ano 16 da [sua] idade", quando a manifestação teve lugar, mas em todas as outras contas em que ele menciona sua idade, ele estava em seu "décimo quinto ano."
A única conta Primeira Visão que forneceu uma idade diferente foi o 1832 conta escrito com a letra de Joseph Smith. Em 1832, 12 anos de 'depois' 'a Primeira Visão, Joseph escreveu: "fomos privados da bennifit de uma educação basta dizer que eu estava mearly instructid em leitura e escrita e as regras básicas de aritmética que constituem toda a minha literária acquirements ".
Embora a parte de 1832 a história de Joseph é de próprio punho, a inserção de texto de "no 16º ano da minha idade" era na caligrafia de Frederick G. Williams, o escriba de Joseph. É provável que os regimes de José de namoro eram um pouco fora quando ele ditou sua idade para Williams, muitos anos depois de-o-fato. Não há nada de nefasto em Joseph Smith corrigir seus próprios erros de cálculo matemáticos ligeiras.
Dois anos mais tarde, Oliver Cowdery tinha 1.832 história de Joseph em sua posse, quando ele começou a publicar a história da Igreja no final de 1834 no Santos dos Últimos Dias 'Messenger and Advocate' '. Oliver claramente estabelecida a idade de Joseph como 14 ("o 15º ano de sua vida") durante o período de excitação religiosa (embora Oliver, em última instância Nunca descrita a Primeira Visão real neste momento). Uma vez que a data da Primeira Visão foi corretamente estabelecida manteve-se estável ao longo de todos os considerandos subsequentes como o "15º ano" ou "14 anos"
