Mostrar código-fonte de Ajuda:Logging in

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Logging in is not required for viewing pages, and not even for editing them. However, it provides additional features, and in general projects recommend it.

==Logging in==
Creating a user account means that you supply a [[w:en:Wikipedia:Username|username]] (your real name or a nickname) and a password. The system will reject a username that is already in use. A user account is created only once. You are then "logged in". Next time you log in you supply your username again and demonstrate with the password that you are the same person. 

Edits you make are recorded under your username. If you are not logged in your edits are recorded under your [[w:en:IP address|IP address]].

Some MediaWiki projects form a family in the sense that one logs in into the family as a whole, and that common preference settings apply. Notably this is the case for the more than 300 projects of [[w:en:Wikicities|Wikicities]]. On Wikimedia projects logging in and setting preferences are currently done separately on each wiki. However, see [[Single login]].

== Why log in? ==

You don't have to log in to read any MediaWiki wiki. You don't even have to log in to edit a MediaWiki wiki - ''anyone'' can edit [[protected pages considered harmful|almost any]] page, even without logging in.

However, it's still a good idea to log in, for these reasons:

* Other users will be able to recognise you by your username when you make changes to pages. As a "name" an IP address is somewhat clumsy. Also, if you use computers at different locations (home, office, internet cafe, etc.) you have a different IP-address in each case; even in the same location, depending on the Internet connection, the IP-address may be different each time. Therefore a username is better to maintain an identity.
*You will have your own ''user page'' where you can write a bit about yourself, and a ''user talk page'' which you can use to communicate with other users.
* You will be able to mark an edit as minor, which avoids inconvenience for other users.
* You will be able to keep track of changes to modules you are interested in using a ''watch list''.
* If you choose to give an email address, other users will be able to contact you by email.  This feature is anonymous - the user who emails you will not know your email address.  You don't have to give your email address if you don't want to.
** ''Check the privacy policy of the individual site you're visiting, if any (for example, Wikipedia's [[draft privacy policy]])''
* You will be able to [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Renaming (moving) pages|rename pages]].
* You will be able to set your own ''[[MediaWiki User's Guide: Setting preferences|preferences]]'', to change things such as:
** The number of pages displayed in ''[[MediaWiki User's Guide: The Recent Changes page|Recent changes]]''
** The fonts, colours and layout of the site, by using different ''skins''.

== How to log in ==

Logging in and setting preferences are done separately on each wiki (for plans of changing this see [[Single login]]). You may find it convenient for yourself and useful for maintaining a cross-wiki identity to use the same username on each wiki that you use, if that name is still free.

First, make sure that your browser accepts [[w:en:HTTP cookie|cookies]]. Some browsers can accept or reject cookies from individual sites; users of these should configure the browser to accept cookies from each wiki you plan to edit, such as ''wikipedia.org''.

Go to the wiki for which you want to log in. Click on the ''Log in'' link at the top right of the page. You will then be prompted to enter your username and password.  If you haven't logged in before, you will need to enter your password twice.

You may give your email address if you like. Other users will be able to send email to the address, but they won't be able to find out what the address is.

If you click the box ''Remember my password across sessions'', you will not have to give your password again when you access MediaWiki wiki from the same computer. This feature will only work if your password was not generated by the Mediawiki software. So change your password please.

=== Log in problems ===
If you appear to be able to log in, but as soon as you try to look at a page after the 'Log in successful' page you appear logged out again, it is very likely to be a [[en:HTTP cookie|cookie]] problem. If you are certain that cookies are enabled, make sure that you haven't inadvertently listed the [[en:domain name|domain name]] of the wiki you are using (example: Wikipedia.org) on a list of sites to never allow cookies for (This feature is available in - at least - Mozilla Firebird 0.6 and above and Microsoft Internet Explorer version 6 and above). Also make sure your computer's date and time are set correctly; if they are not, cookies may expire before they are supposed to.  

In addition to these steps, check to make sure PHP's directory for storing session data is writable.  This directory can be found in the php.ini file under the session.save_path setting.  Errors in this php.ini setting can also cause other problems.  Examples of these errors are referencing a non-existent directory or leaving out " marks around the directory name.  Random Wiki pages or edit previews might appear blank in Internet Explorer, but not with other browsers.  Also, the Save Page button might act as if one had pressed the Show Preview button when a user is logged in, but work correctly when one is not logged in.

If you log in and enabled the cookie feature, a subsequent log in as a different user without the cookie feature enabled will appear as logged out.

=== What if I forget the password? ===
If you enter an e-mail address when signing up for the account, or in your Preferences, you can request on the login screen for a temporary password to be sent to that address, which will allow you to retrieve your account. If you did not enter an e-mail address, or the address was out of date, but you are determined to regain access to the account, you ''might'' be able to persuade someone with direct access to the database that it is your account, and ask them to retrieve it for you.

==Username==
Note that in some sans-serif fonts I (capital-i) and l (lowercase-L) look exactly the same, e.g. in Arial: <FONT FACE="Arial">I</FONT> and <FONT FACE="Arial">l</FONT>. If your user username contains one of the two, it may be wise to register also under the name that may look the same, without using that name, to prevent impersonation.

== How to set preferences ==

Click on the ''Preferences'' link at the top right of the page for various options, including:
* Changing your password.
* Changing the ''skin'', which changes the way that the web pages look.

See [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Setting preferences]].

== Your ''User page'' and ''User talk page'' ==

As a logged in user, you will be able to create your own ''user page'' and ''user talk page''.  When you are logged in, you will see your username displayed at the top right of the page.  Click on this to get to your user page, which you can edit in the same way as any MediaWiki wiki page.

Most users write a little bit about themselves and their interests on their user page.

You also have a ''User talk page''. You can access this by clicking on the ''Talk'' link next to your username at the top right of the page. Other people may write messages in your user talk page by editing it, and you can respond. See [[Help:Talk page]] for more.

== How to log out ==

You can log out any time by clicking on the ''Log out'' link at the top right of the page.

== How to force logging in for editing ==
This is controlled through a [[wg variable]].

See [[Setting user rights in MediaWiki#Configuring access restrictions to your wiki|Configuring access restrictions to your wiki]].

== How to force logging in for viewing ==
This is controlled through a [[wg variable]].

See [[Setting user rights in MediaWiki#Configuring access restrictions to your wiki|Configuring access restrictions to your wiki]].


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